Related papers: Speedup for Natural Problems and Noncomputability
We show that for every polynomial q* there exist polynomial-size, constant-query, non-adaptive PCPs for NP which are perfect zero knowledge against (adaptive) adversaries making at most q* queries to the proof. In addition, we construct…
Quantum computers can sometimes exponentially outperform classical ones, but only for problems with sufficient structure. While it is well known that query problems with full permutation symmetry can have at most polynomial quantum speedup…
The Turing machine, as it was presented by Turing himself, models the calculations done by a person. This means that we can compute whatever any Turing machine can compute, and therefore we are Turing complete. The question addressed here…
We describe, for the first time, a completely rigorous homotopy (path--following) algorithm (in the Turing machine model) to find approximate zeros of systems of polynomial equations. If the coordinates of the input systems and the initial…
We position Turing's result regarding the undecidability of the halting problem as a result about programs rather than machines. The mere requirement that a program of a certain kind must solve the halting problem for all programs of that…
In this paper, we make a preliminary interpretation of Cook's theorem presented in [1]. This interpretation reveals cognitive biases in the proof of Cook's theorem that arise from the attempt of constructing a formula in CNF to represent a…
Simon as extended by Brassard and H{\o}yer shows that there are tasks on which polynomial-time quantum machines are exponentially faster than each classical machine infinitely often. The present paper shows that there are tasks on which…
Universality is one of the most important ideas in computability theory. There are various criteria of simplicity for universal Turing machines. Probably the most popular one is to count the number of states/symbols. This criterion is more…
We explore in the framework of Quantum Computation the notion of {\em Computability}, which holds a central position in Mathematics and Theoretical Computer Science. A quantum algorithm for Hilbert's tenth problem, which is equivalent to…
This paper argues that the requirement of applicableness of quantum linearity to any physical level from molecules and atoms to the level of macroscopic extensional world, which leads to a main foundational problem in quantum theory…
The vast majority of scientific community believes that P!=NP, with countless supporting arguments. The number of people who believe otherwise probably amounts to as few as those opposing the 2nd Law of Thermodynamics. But isn't nature…
Given a satisfiable 3-SAT formula, how hard is it to find an assignment to the variables that has Hamming distance at most n/2 to a satisfying assignment? More generally, consider any polynomial-time verifier for any NP-complete language. A…
Evidence often grounds temporal probabilistic relational models over time, which makes reasoning infeasible. To counteract groundings over time and to keep reasoning polynomial by restoring a lifted representation, we present temporal…
Infinite time Turing machines extend the operation of ordinary Turing machines into transfinite ordinal time. By doing so, they provide a natural model of infinitary computability, a theoretical setting for the analysis of the power and…
We present the asymptotically fastest known algorithms for some basic problems on univariate polynomial matrices: rank, nullspace, determinant, generic inverse, reduced form. We show that they essentially can be reduced to two computer…
Runtime efficiency and termination are crucial properties in the studies of program verification. Instead of dealing with these issues in an ad hoc manner, it would be useful to develop a robust framework in which such properties are…
This article precisely defines huge proofs within the system of Natural Deduction for the Minimal implicational propositional logic \mil. This is what we call an unlimited family of super-polynomial proofs. We consider huge families of…
In 1975, Ladner showed that under the hypothesis that P is not equal to NP, there exists a language which is neither in P, nor NP-complete. This result was latter generalized by Schoning and several authors to various polynomial-time…
We show the first unconditional pseudo-determinism result for all of search-BPP. Specifically, we show that every BPP search problem can be computed pseudo-deterministically on average for infinitely many input lengths. In other words, for…
A new syntactic characterization of problems complete via Turing reductions is presented. General canonical forms are developed in order to define such problems. One of these forms allows us to define complete problems on ordered…