Related papers: Speedup for Natural Problems and Noncomputability
If quantum states exhibit small nonlinearities during time evolution, then quantum computers can be used to solve NP-complete problems in polynomial time. We provide algorithms that solve NP-complete and #P oracle problems by exploiting…
A finite constraint language $\mathscr{R}$ is a finite set of relations over some finite domain $A$. We show that intractability of the constraint satisfaction problem $\operatorname{CSP}(\mathscr{R})$ can, in all known cases, be replaced…
We prove that there is no algorithm to tell whether an arbitrarily constructed Quantum Turing Machine has same time steps for different branches of computation. We, hence, can not avoid the notion of halting to be probabilistic in Quantum…
An algorithm $M$ is described that solves any well-defined problem $p$ as quickly as the fastest algorithm computing a solution to $p$, save for a factor of 5 and low-order additive terms. $M$ optimally distributes resources between the…
A central computational problem for analyzing and model checking various classes of infinite-state recursive probabilistic systems (including quasi-birth-death processes, multi-type branching processes, stochastic context-free grammars,…
Computational models of human language often involve combinatorial problems. For instance, a probabilistic parser may marginalize over exponentially many trees to make predictions. Algorithms for such problems often employ dynamic…
We survey results on the formalization and independence of mathematical statements related to major open problems in computational complexity theory. Our primary focus is on recent findings concerning the (un)provability of complexity…
We study the power of polynomial-time truthful mechanisms comparing to polynomial time (non-truthful) algorithms. We show that there is a setting in which deterministic polynomial-time truthful mechanisms cannot guarantee a bounded…
We show that alternating Turing machines, with a novel and natural definition of acceptance, accept precisely the inductive (Pi-1-1) languages. Total alternating machines, that either accept or reject each input, accept precisely the…
In this paper, we extend the techniques used in our previous work to show that there exists a probabilistic Turing machine running within time $O(n^k)$ for all $k\in\mathbb{N}_1$ accepting a language $L_d$ that is different from any…
Neural symbolic processing aims to combine the generalization of logical learning approaches and the performance of neural networks. The Neural Theorem Proving (NTP) model by Rocktaschel et al (2017) learns embeddings for concepts and…
A remarkable new definition of a self-delimiting universal Turing machine is presented that is easy to program and runs very quickly. This provides a new foundation for algorithmic information theory. This new universal Turing machine is…
Quantum algorithms can deliver asymptotic speedups over their classical counterparts. However, there are few cases where a substantial quantum speedup has been worked out in detail for reasonably-sized problems, when compared with the best…
First of all we give some reasons that "natural proofs" built not a barrier to prove P $\not=$ NP using Boolean complexity. Then we investigate the approximation method for its extension to prove super-polynomial lower bounds for the…
A classic result of Paul, Pippenger, Szemer\'edi and Trotter states that DTIME(n) is strictly contained in NTIME(n). The natural question then arises: could DTIME(t(n)) be contained in NTIME(n) for some superlinear time-constructible…
Despite intensive research, the physical origin of the speed-up offered by quantum algorithms remains mysterious. No general physical quantity, like, for instance, entanglement, can be singled out as the essential useful resource. Here we…
We consider a general class of decision problems concerning formal languages, called ``(one-dimensional) unboundedness predicates'', for automata that feature reversal-bounded counters (RBCA). We show that each problem in this class reduces…
We investigate the correspondence between the time and space recognition complexity of languages. For this purpose, we will code the long-continued computations of deterministic two-tape Turing machines by the relatively short-length…
This paper presents a complete algorithmic study of the decision Boolean Satisfiability Problem under the classical computation and quantum computation theories. The paper depicts deterministic and probabilistic algorithms, propositions of…
We study the termination problem for nondeterministic recursive probabilistic programs. First, we show that a ranking-supermartingales-based approach is both sound and complete for bounded terminiation (i.e., bounded expected termination…