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To provide a more accurate description of the driving behaviors in vehicle queues, a namely Markov-Gap cellular automata model is proposed in this paper. It views the variation of the gap between two consequent vehicles as a Markov process…
Real-time large-scale crowd simulations with realistic behavior, are important for many application areas. On CPUs, the ORCA pedestrian steering model is often used for agent-based pedestrian simulations. This paper introduces a technique…
The bounded rationality plays a vital role in the collective behavior of the evacuation process. Also investigating human behavior in such an extreme situation is a continuing concern within social psychology. In this paper, we construct a…
Within the class of stochastic cellular automata models of traffic flows, we look at the velocity dependent randomization variant (VDR-TCA) whose parameters take on a specific set of extreme values. These initial conditions lead us to the…
In this paper we deal with pedestrian modeling, aiming at simulating crowd behavior in normal and emergency scenarios, including highly congested mass events. We are specifically concerned with a new agent-based, continuous-in-space,…
Many agent based simulation approaches have been proposed for pedestrian flow. As such models are applied e.g.\ in evacuation studies, the quality and reliability of such models is of vital interest. Pedestrian trajectories are functional…
A digit function is presented which provides the $i$th-digit in base $p$ of any real number $x$. By means of this function, formulated within $\mathcal{B}$-calculus, the local, nonlocal and global dynamical behaviors of cellular automata…
The movement of pedestrians is supposed to show certain regularities which can be best described by an ``algorithm'' for the individual behavior and is easily simulated on computers. This behavior is assumed to be determined by an intended…
In this paper we present a theoretical analysis of a recently proposed two-dimensional Cellular Automata model for traffic flow in cities with the novel ingredient of turning capability. Numerical simulations of this model show that there…
A model for 1D traffic flow is developed, which is discrete in space and time. Like the cellular automaton model by Nagel and Schreckenberg [J. Phys. I France 2, 2221 (1992)], it is simple, fast, and can describe stop-and-go traffic. Due to…
Microscopic traffic models have recently gained considerable importance as a mean of optimising traffic control strategies. Computationally efficient and sufficiently accurate microscopic traffic models have been developed based on the…
We introduce a stochastic cellular automaton with power law spatial decaying long-range interactions. In some limit this model reduces to the Domany-Kinzel cellular automaton. Monte Carlo and mean field calculations of the phase diagram of…
In this exploratory paper we introduce the problem of cognitive agents that learn how to modify their environment according to local sensing to reach a global goal. We concentrate on discrete dynamics (cellular automata) on a…
In this paper a model of pedestrian motion is presented. As application its parameters are fitted to one run in a primary school evacuation exercise. Simulations with these parameters are compared to further runs during the same exercise.
It was recently shown how graphs can be used to provide descriptions of psychopathologies, where symptoms of, say, depression, affect each other and certain configurations determine whether someone could fall into a sudden depression. To…
In pedestrian dynamics, the internal drive that propels individuals toward their goals is typically captured by a single, fixed parameter, the desired walking speed. This simplification overlooks that motivation fluctuates in response to…
We investigate the role of conflicts in pedestrian traffic, i.e. situations where two or more people try to enter the same space. Therefore a recently introduced cellular automaton model for pedestrian dynamics is extended by a friction…
Cellular automata (CA) dynamics are ordered in terms of two global parameters, computable {\sl a priori} from the description of rules. While one of them (activity) has been used before, the second one is new; it estimates the average…
We consider a probabilistic cellular automaton to analyze the stochastic dynamics of a predator-prey system. The local rules are Markovian and are based in the Lotka-Volterra model. The individuals of each species reside on the sites of a…
Car following (CF) models are fundamental to describing traffic dynamics. However, the CF behavior of human drivers is highly stochastic and nonlinear. As a result, identifying the best CF model has been challenging and controversial…