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The purpose of this note is to show how some results from the theory of partial differential equations apply to the study of pseudo-spectra of non-self-adjoint operators, which is a topic of current interest in applied mathematics.

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2011-11-10 Nils Dencker , Johannes Sjoestrand , Maciej Zworski

In the recent years a generalization of Hermiticity was investigated using a complex deformation H=p^2 +x^2(ix)^\epsilon of the harmonic oscillator Hamiltonian, where \epsilon is a real parameter. These complex Hamiltonians, possessing PT…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-14 Tomas Ya. Azizov , Carsten Trunk

We study the pseudo-Hermitian systems with general spin-coupling point interactions and give a systematic description of the corresponding boundary conditions for PT-symmetric systems. The corresponding integrability for both bosonic and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Shao-Ming Fei

Non-hermitian quantum systems can exhibit spectral degeneracies known as exceptional points, where two or more eigenvectors coalesce, leading to a non-diagonalizable Jordan block. It is known that symmetries can enhance the abundance of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-15 Robin Schäfer , Jan C. Budich , David J. Luitz

Canonical quantum mechanics postulates Hermitian Hamiltonians to ensure real eigenvalues. Counterintuitively, a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian, satisfying combined parity-time (PT) symmetry, could display entirely real spectra above some…

Optics · Physics 2025-01-23 Jianming Wen , Xiaoshun Jiang , Liang Jiang , Min Xiao

Spectral singularities are spectral points that spoil the completeness of the eigenfunctions of certain non-Hermitian Hamiltonian operators. We identify spectral singularities of complex scattering potentials with the real energies at which…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2010-11-24 Ali Mostafazadeh

The non-Hermitian but $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric quantum field theories are known to have a pseudo-Hermitian interpretation. However the corresponding intertwining operator happens to be nonlocal that raises the question to what extent this…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-03-27 Oleg O. Novikov

In this study, we are concerned with spectral problems of second-order vector dynamic equations with two-point boundary value conditions and mixed derivatives, where the matrix-valued coefficient of the leading term may be singular, and the…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2010-01-25 Douglas R. Anderson

We observe that the reflection and transmission coefficients of a particle within a double, PT symmetric heterojunction with spatially varying mass, show interesting features, depending on the degree of non Hermiticity, although there is no…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-16 Anjana Sinha , R. Roychoudhury

Parity-time (PT)-symmetric Hamiltonians have widespread significance in non-Hermitian physics. A PT-symmetric Hamiltonian can exhibit distinct phases with either real or complex eigenspectrum, while the transition points in between, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-13 Lei Xiao , Tianshu Deng , Kunkun Wang , Zhong Wang , Wei Yi , Peng Xue

The adjacency operator of a graph has a spectrum and a class of scalar-valued spectral measures which have been systematically analyzed; it also has a spectral multiplicity function which has been less studied. The first purpose of this…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-03-06 Pierre de la Harpe

We give general spectral and eigenvalue perturbation bounds for a selfadjoint operator perturbed in the sense of the pseudo-Friedrichs extension. We also give several generalisations of the aforementioned extension. The spectral bounds for…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2008-01-21 K. Veselic

We show that PT-symmetry may exist only for isolated frequencies in optical systems. Therefore, PT-symmetry breaking transitions as the frequency is tuned up, discussed in Y. D. Chong, L. Ge, and A. D. Stone, Phys. Rev. Lett. 106, 093902…

Materials Science · Physics 2012-05-15 A. A. Zyablovsky , A. P. Vinogradov , A. V. Dorofeenko , A. A. Pukhov , A. A. Lisyansky

Non-Hermitian systems having parity-time ($\mathcal {PT}$) symmetry can undergo a transition, spontaneously breaking the symmetry. Ultracold atomic gases provide an ideal platform to study interaction effects on the transition. We consider…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2019-04-17 Ziheng Zhou , Zhenhua Yu

We reflect real spectra of new logarithmic model PT-symmetry operators with singular and non-singular in nature. We also notice that iso-spectral nature between inverted and non-inverted logarithmic PT-symmetric potentials. Present…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-09 Biswanath Rath , Rabab Jarrar , Hussein Shanak , Jihad Asad , Rania Wannan

We describe the spectrum of a non-self-adjoint elliptic system on a finite interval. Under certain conditions we find that the eigenvalues form a discrete set and converge asymptotically at infinity to one of several straight lines. The…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 E. B. Davies

Many indefinite-metric (often called pseudo-Hermitian or PT-symmetric) quantum models H prove "physical" (i.e., Hermitian with respect to an innovated, ad hoc scalar product) inside a characteristic domain of parameters D. This means that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Miloslav Znojil

The {\eta} pseudo PT symmetry theory, denoted by the symbol {\eta}, explores the conditions under which non-Hermitian Hamiltonians can possess real spectra despite the violation of PT symmetry, that is the adjoint of H, denoted H^{{\dag}}…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-09 Mustapha Maamache , Nour El Houda Absi

We investigate complex PT-symmetric potentials, associated with quasi-exactly solvable non-hermitian models involving polynomials and a class of rational functions. We also look for special solutions of intertwining relations of SUSY…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-06 F. Cannata , M. Ioffe , R. Roychoudhury , P. Roy

Dynamical systems exhibiting both PT and Supersymmetry are analyzed in a general scenario. It is found that, in an appropriate parameter domain, the ground state may or may not respect PT-symmetry. Interestingly, in the domain where…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-11-11 Kumar Abhinav , Prasanta K. Panigrahi