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The phenomenon of PT (parity- and time-reversal) symmetry breaking is conventionally associated with a change in the complex mode spectrum of a non-Hermitian system that marks a transition from a purely oscillatory to an exponentially…

For the example of the infinitely deep well potential, we point out some paradoxes which are solved by a careful analysis of what is a truly self-adjoint operator. We then describe the self-adjoint extensions and their spectra for the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Guy Bonneau , Jacques Faraut , Galliano Valent

We present an evaluation of some recent attempts at understanding the role of pseudo-Hermitian and PT-symmetric Hamiltonians in modeling unitary quantum systems and elaborate on a particular physical phenomenon whose discovery originated in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-14 Ali Mostafazadeh

This text is a survey of recent results obtained by the author and collaborators on different problems for non-self-adjoint operators. The topics are: Kramers-Fokker-Planck type operators, spectral asymptotics in two dimensions and Weyl…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2008-04-24 Johannes Sjoestrand

Parity-time ($PT$) symmetric Hamiltonians are generally non-Hermitian and give rise to exotic behaviour in quantum systems at exceptional points, where eigenvectors coalesce. The recent realisation of $PT$-symmetric Hamiltonians in quantum…

This paper addresses two different but related questions regarding an unbounded symmetric tridiagonal operator: its self-adjointness and the approximation of its spectrum by the eigenvalues of its finite truncations. The sufficient…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2014-07-17 Eugenia N. Petropoulou , L. Velázquez

We consider self-adjoint realizations of a second-order elliptic differential expression on ${\mathbb R}^n$ with singular interactions of $\delta$ and $\delta^\prime$-type supported on a compact closed smooth hypersurface in ${\mathbb…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2016-04-15 Jussi Behrndt , Gerd Grubb , Matthias Langer , Vladimir Lotoreichik

In many PT symmetric models with real spectra, apparently, energy levels "merge and disappear" at a point of the spontaneous PT-symmetry breaking. We argue that such an oversimplified and discontinuous physical interpretation of this…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-11-18 Miloslav Znojil , Geza Levai

Non-Hermitian systems based on parity-time (PT) symmetry reveal rich physics beyond the Hermitian regime. So far, realizations of PT-symmetric systems have been limited to the spatial domain. Here we theoretically and experimentally…

Optics · Physics 2020-02-12 Fangxing Zhang , Yaming Feng , Li Ge , Wenjie Wan

Parity-time (PT) symmetry is of great interest. The reciprocal and unidirectional features are intriguing besides the PT symmetry phase transition. Recently, the reciprocal transmission, unidirectional reflectionless and invisibility are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-03-01 L. Jin , X. Z. Zhang , G. Zhang , Z. Song

Given a self-adjoint operator $T$ on a separable infinite-dimensional Hilbert space we study the problem of characterizing the set $\mathcal D(T)$ of all possible diagonals of $T$. For operators $T$ with at least two points in their…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2023-05-01 Marcin Bownik , John Jasper

With perfectly balanced gain and loss, dynamical systems with indefinite damping can obey the exact PT-symmetry being marginally stable with a pure imaginary spectrum. At an exceptional point where the symmetry is spontaneously broken, the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2012-03-09 Oleg N. Kirillov

The origin of spectral singularities in finite-gap singly periodic PT-symmetric quantum systems is investigated. We show that they emerge from a limit of band-edge states in a doubly periodic finite gap system when the imaginary period…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2012-10-23 Francisco Correa , Mikhail S. Plyushchay

In this paper we investigate the spectrum of the differential operators generated by the ordinary differential expression of odd order with PT-symmertic periodic matrix coefficients

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2023-03-16 O. A. Veliev

In the correspondence between spectral problems and topological strings, it is natural to consider complex values for the string theory moduli. In the spectral theory side, this corresponds to non-Hermitian quantum curves with complex…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-05-20 Yoan Emery , Marcos Marino , Massimiliano Ronzani

A PT-symmetric optically active medium that lases at the threshold gain also acts as a complete perfect absorber at the laser wavelength. This is because spectral singularities of PT-symmetric complex potentials are always accompanied by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-05 Ali Mostafazadeh

We show how to extend the 't Hooft anomaly matching conditions to discrete symmetries. We check these discrete anomaly matching conditions on several proposed low-energy spectra of certain strongly interacting gauge theories. The excluded…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Csaba Csaki , Hitoshi Murayama

The scattering matrix $S$ obeys the unitary relation $S^\dagger S=1$ in a Hermitian system and the symmetry property ${\cal PT}S{\cal PT}=S^{-1}$ in a Parity-Time (${\cal PT}$) symmetric system. Here we report a different symmetry relation…

Optics · Physics 2016-10-25 Li Ge , Liang Feng

We study the spectrum of the differential operator T generated by the differential expression of order n>2 with the m by m PT-symmetric periodic matrix coefficients. The case when m and n are the odd numbers was investigated in [8]. In this…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2023-05-30 O. A. Veliev

A re-formulated, non-Hermitian version of the Witten's supersymmetric quantum mechanics is presented. Its use of pseudo-Hermitian (so called PT symmetric) Hamiltonians is reviewed and illustrated via several forms of an innovated…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Miloslav Znojil