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The Shannon entropy in the atomic, molecular and chemical physics context is presented by using as test cases the hydrogenic-like atoms $H_c$, ${He_c}^+$ and ${Li_c}^{2+}$ confined by an impenetrable spherical box. Novel expressions for…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2017-11-28 Wallas S. Nascimento , Frederico V. Prudente

Dynamical system models of complex biochemical reaction networks are usually high-dimensional, nonlinear, and contain many unknown parameters. In some cases the reaction network structure dictates that positive equilibria must be unique for…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2008-09-09 Gheorghe Craciun , J. William Helton , Ruth J. Williams

In most natural sciences there is currently the insight that it is necessary to bridge gaps between different processes which can be observed on different scales. This is especially true in the field of chemical reactions where the…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2008-03-03 L. Sbano , M. Kirkilionis

Semigroup theory is a branch of abstract algebra, and it provides mathematical tools for the theory of computation. Finite semigroups can describe state transition systems and thus they model physically realizable computers. Engineering…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2026-01-22 James East , Attila Egri-Nagy , Andrew R. Francis , James D. Mitchell

The chemical reactions are very complex, and include oscillation, condensation, catalyst and self-organization, etc. In these case changes of entropy may increase or decrease. The second law of thermodynamics is based on an isolated system…

General Physics · Physics 2008-07-03 Yi-Fang Chang

Formal methods have enabled breakthroughs in many fields, such as in hardware verification, machine learning and biological systems. The key object of interest in systems biology, synthetic biology, and molecular programming is chemical…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2020-08-11 Marko Vasic , David Soloveichik , Sarfraz Khurshid

We develop a framework describing the dynamics and thermodynamics of open non-ideal reaction-diffusion systems, which embodies Flory-Huggins theories of mixtures and chemical reaction network theories. Our theory elucidates the mechanisms…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2024-12-05 Francesco Avanzini , Timur Aslyamov , Étienne Fodor , Massimiliano Esposito

Chemical reaction networks (CRNs) model systems where molecules interact according to a finite set of reactions such as $A + B \to C$, representing that if a molecule of $A$ and $B$ collide, they disappear and a molecule of $C$ is produced.…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-01-21 David Doty , Ben Heckmann

We consider linear elimination of variables in steady state equations of a chemical reaction network. Particular subsets of variables corresponding to sets of so-called reactant-noninteracting species, are introduced. The steady state…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2018-07-03 Meritxell Sáez , Carsten Wiuf , Elisenda Feliu

The quasi-steady-state assumption (QSSA) is an approximation that is widely used in chemistry and chemical engineering to simplify reaction mechanisms. The key step in the method requires a solution by radicals of a system of multivariate…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-05-16 Ophelia Adams

Dynamical systems with a coupled cell network structure can display synchronous solutions, spectral degeneracies and anomalous bifurcation behavior. We explain these phenomena here for homogeneous networks, by showing that every homogeneous…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2013-04-05 Bob Rink , Jan Sanders

Chemical reaction networks (CRNs) formally model chemistry in a well-mixed solution. CRNs are widely used to describe information processing occurring in natural cellular regulatory networks, and with upcoming advances in synthetic biology,…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2013-04-17 David Doty

Randomness is both a useful way to model natural systems and a useful tool for engineered systems, e.g. in computation, communication and control. Fully random transformations require exponential time for either classical or quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-05-04 Fernando G. S. L. Brandao , Aram W. Harrow , Michal Horodecki

The fundamental decomposition of a chemical reaction network (also called its "$\mathscr{F}$-decomposition") is the set of subnetworks generated by the partition of its set of reactions into the "fundamental classes" introduced by Ji and…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2020-02-19 Bryan S. Hernandez , Eduardo R. Mendoza , Aurelio A. de los Reyes

We examine the conjecture that entropy production in subsystems of a given system can be used as a dynamical criterion for quantum chaos in the latter. Numerical results are presented for finite dimensional spin systems as also for the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Avijit Lahiri

Self-sustaining autocatalytic chemical networks represent a necessary, though not sufficient condition for the emergence of early living systems. These networks have been formalised and investigated within the framework of RAF theory, which…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2012-12-19 Mike Steel , Wim Hordijk , Joshua Smith

We discuss parameter dependent polynomial ordinary differential equations that model chemical reaction networks. By classical quasi-steady state (QSS) reduction we understand the following familiar heuristic: Set the rate of change for…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2022-09-20 Alexandra Goeke , Sebastian Walcher , Eva Zerz

Analyzing qualitative behaviors of biochemical reactions using its associated network structure has proven useful in diverse branches of biology. As an extension of our previous work, we introduce a graph-based framework to calculate steady…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2014-04-28 Inom Mirzaev , David Matthew Bortz

Quasi-steady state (QSS) reduction is a commonly used method to lower the dimension of a differential equation model of a chemical reaction network. From a mathematical perspective, QSS reduction is generally interpreted as a special type…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2019-08-30 Elisenda Feliu , Christian Lax , Sebastian Walcher , Carsten Wiuf

Biological regulatory networks depend upon chemical interactions to process information. Engineering such molecular computing systems is a major challenge for synthetic biology and related fields. The chemical reaction network (CRN) model…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2020-09-23 Cameron Chalk , Niels Kornerup , Wyatt Reeves , David Soloveichik
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