Related papers: P vs NP Problem in the field anthropology
Although diversity in NLP datasets has received growing attention, the question of how to measure it remains largely underexplored. This opinion paper examines the conceptual and methodological challenges of measuring data diversity and…
Scientists have demonstrated that quantum computing has presented novel approaches to address computational challenges, each varying in complexity. Adapting problem-solving strategies is crucial to harness the full potential of quantum…
We introduce the notion of the "covering type" of a space, which is more subtle that the notion of Lusternik Schnirelman category. It measures the complexity of a space which arises from coverings by contractible subspaces whose non-empty…
We construct a class of finitely presented groups where the isomorphism problem is solvable but the commensurability problem is unsolvable. Conversely, we construct a class of finitely presented groups within which the commensurability…
Complex systems are characterized by specific time-dependent interactions among their many constituents. As a consequence they often manifest rich, non-trivial and unexpected behavior. Examples arise both in the physical and non-physical…
This chapter aims to provide next-level understanding of the problems of the world and the solutions available to those problems, which lie very well within the domain of neural computing, and at the same time are intelligent in their…
It is introduced the concept of Superiority Degree one competitive decision over another. On the basis of this concept the mathematics theoretic structure is developed, which is part of pairs comparisons branch in modern decision making…
A new approach is developed to understand stability of a population and further understanding of population momentum.
Linguistic disparity in the NLP world is a problem that has been widely acknowledged recently. However, different facets of this problem, or the reasons behind this disparity are seldom discussed within the NLP community. This paper…
This thesis is in the area called computational social choice which is an intersection area of algorithms and social choice theory.
Ambiguity is shown in the context of the differential calculus of several variables and with the help of the language of category theory, a way to solve it in its most general form is offered. It is also shown that this new definition is…
The concept of diversity has received increasing attention in natural language processing (NLP) in recent years. It became an advocated property of datasets and systems, and many measures are used to quantify it. However, it is often…
For certain problems involving vector fields, it is possible to find an associated imaginary field that, in conjunction with the first, forms a complex field for which the equation can be solved. This result is generalized to arbitrary…
Despite encouraging recent progresses in ensemble approaches, classification methods seem to have reached a plateau in development. Further advances depend on a better understanding of geometrical and topological characteristics of point…
We develop a theory of complexity for numerical computations that takes into account the condition of the input data and allows for roundoff in the computations. We follow the lines of the theory developed by Blum, Shub, and Smale for…
Written language is complex. A written text can be considered an attempt to convey a meaningful message which ends up being constrained by language rules, context dependence and highly redundant in its use of resources. Despite all these…
The question What is Complexity? has occupied a great deal of time and paper over the last 20 or so years. There are a myriad different perspectives and definitions but still no consensus. In this paper I take a phenomenological approach,…
The field of Machine Learning research is divided into subject areas, where each area tries to solve a specific problem, using specific methods. In recent years, borders have almost been erased, and many areas inherit methods from other…
The paper attempts to describe the space of possible mind designs by first equating all minds to software. Next it proves some interesting properties of the mind design space such as infinitude of minds, size and representation complexity…
Many of the classic problems of particle physics appear in a very different light when viewed from the perspective of the multiverse. Most importantly the two great ``fine tuning'' problems that motivate the field are far less serious when…