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We present the results obtained with an end-to-end simulator of an Extreme Adaptive Optics (XAO) system control loop. It is used to predict its on-sky performances and to optimise the AO loop algorithms. It was first used to validate a…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-01-10 Anthony Berdeu , Michel Tallon , Éric Thiébaut , Mary Angelie Alagao , Sitthichat Sukpholtham , Maud Langlois , Adithep Kawinkij , Puttiwat Kongkaew

Extreme adaptive optics systems are now in operation across the globe. These systems, capable of high order wavefront correction, deliver Strehl ratios of 90% in the near-infrared. Originally intended for the direct imaging of exoplanets,…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-11-09 Nemanja Jovanovic , Christian Schwab , Nick Cvetojevic , Olivier Guyon , Frantz Martinache

The next generation of ground-based instruments aims to break through the knowledge we have on exoplanets by imaging circumstellar environments always closer to the stars. However, direct imaging requires an AO system and high-contrast…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-10-22 A. Potier , P. Baudoz , R. Galicher , E. Huby , G. Singh

Optical imperfections, misalignments, aberrations, and even dust can significantly limit sensitivity in high-contrast imaging systems such as coronagraphs. An upstream deformable mirror (DM) in the pupil can be used to correct or compensate…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-15 Johanan L. Codona , Matthew Kenworthy

longitudinal magnetic field often suffers the saturation effect in strong magnetic field region when the measurement performs in a single-wavelength point and linear calibration is adopted. In this study, we develop a method that can judge…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-05-05 Haiqing Xu , Suo Liu , Jiangtao Su , Yuanyong Deng , Andrei Plotnikov , Xianyong Bai , Jie Chen , Xiao Yang , Jingjing Guo , Xiaofan Wang , Yongliang Song

Fully reconfigurable metasurfaces would enable new classes of optical devices that provide unprecedented control of electromagnetic beamforms. The principal challenge for achieving reconfigurability is the need to generate large tunability…

Laser Guide Star (LGS) Shack-Hartmann (SH) wavefront sensors for next generation Extremely Large Telescopes (ELTs) require low-noise, large format (about 1Mpx), fast detectors to match the need for a large number of subapertures and a good…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-09-01 Guido Agapito , Lorenzo Busoni , Giulia Carlà , Cédric Plantet , Simone Esposito , Paolo Ciliegi

The Gemini Multi-conjugate adaptive optics System (GeMS) is a facility instrument for the Gemini-South telescope. It delivers uniform, near-diffraction-limited image quality at near-infrared wavelengths over a 2 arcminute field of view.…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-22 Benoit Neichel , Jessica R. Lu , Francois Rigaut , S. Mark Ammons , Eleazar R. Carrasco , Emmanuel Lassalle

TESS has proven to be a powerful resource for finding planets, including those that orbit the most prevalent stars in our galaxy: the M dwarfs. Identification of stellar companions (both bound and unbound) has become a standard component of…

The Gemini Multi-conjugate Adaptive Optics System - GeMS, a facility instrument mounted on the Gemini South telescope, delivers a uniform, near diffraction limited images at near infrared wavelengths (0.95 microns- 2.5 microns) over a field…

Several telescopes include large Deformable Mirrors (DM) located directly inside the telescope. These adaptive telescopes trigger new constraints for the calibration of the Adaptive Optics (AO) systems as they usually offer no access to an…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-01-10 C. T. Heritier , S. Esposito , T. Fusco , B. Neichel , S. Oberti , R. Briguglio , G. Agapito , A. Puglisi , E. Pinna , P. -Y. Madec

This article reports on the results of simulations conducted to assess the performance of a modal Multi-Conjugate Adaptive Optics (MCAO) system on a 10m telescope with one Deformable Mirror (DM) conjugated to the telescope pupil and a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 B. Femenia , N. Devaney

Next-generation large segmented mirror telescopes are expected to perform direct imaging and characterization of Earth-like rocky planets, which requires contrast limits of $10^{-7}$ to $10^{-8}$ at wavelengths from I to J band. One…

In this paper we present a Deformable Mirror (DM) based on the continuous voltage distribution over a resistive layer. This DM can correct the low order aberrations (defocus, astigmatism, coma and spherical aberration) using three…

Optics · Physics 2015-05-18 Stefano Bonora

Images collected with ground-based telescopes suffer blurring and distortions from turbulence in Earth's atmosphere. Adaptive optics (AO) can only partially compensate for these effects. Neither multi-frame blind deconvolution (MFBD) nor…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-12-21 Mats G. Löfdahl , Tomas Hillberg

MOEMS Deformable Mirrors (DM) are key components for next generation instruments with innovative adaptive optics systems, in existing telescopes and in the future ELTs. These DMs must perform at room temperature as well as in cryogenic and…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-04-19 Frederic Zamkotsian , Patrick Lanzoni , Rudy Barette , Emmanuel Grassi , Patrick Vors , Michael Helmbrecht , Franck Marchis , Alex Teichman

We study a mid-order wavefront sensor (MOWFS) to address fine cophasing errors in exoplanet imaging with future large segmented aperture space telescopes. Observing Earth analogs around Sun-like stars requires contrasts down to $10^{-10}$…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-09-10 B. Buralli , M. N'Diaye , R. Pourcelot , M. Carbillet , E. H. Por , I. Laginja , L. Canas , S. Steiger , P. Petrone , M. M. Nguyen , B. Nickson , S. F. Redmond , A. Sahoo , L. Pueyo , M. D. Perrin , R. Soummer

One important frontier for astronomical adaptive optics (AO) involves methods such as Multi-Object AO and Multi-Conjugate AO that have the potential to give a significantly larger field of view than conventional AO techniques. A second key…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 S. Mark Ammons , Luke Johnson , Edward A. Laag , Renate Kupke , Donald T. Gavel , Brian J. Bauman , Claire E. Max

Exoplanet imaging has thus far enabled studies of wide-orbit ($>$10 AU) giant planet ($>$2 Jupiter masses) formation and giant planet atmospheres, with future 30 meter-class Extremely Large Telescopes (ELTs) needed to image and characterize…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-08-14 Benjamin L. Gerard , Daren Dillon , Sylvain Cetre , Rebecca Jensen-Clem

Adaptive optics (AO) have been used to correct wavefronts to achieve diffraction limited point spread functions in a broad range of optical applications, prominently ground-based astronomical telescopes operating in near infra-red. While…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-10-03 Alexandre J. T. S. Mello , Antonin H. Bouchez , Andrew Szentgyorgyi , Marcos A. van Dam , Henrique Lupinari