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The need for both high quality images and lightweight structures is one of the main drivers in space telescope design. An efficient wavefront control system will become mandatory in future large observatories, retaining performance while…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2013-05-03 Marie Laslandes , Emmanuel Hugot , Marc Ferrari , Claire Hourtoule , Christian Singer , Christophe Devilliers , Celine Lopez , Frederic Chazallet

Rather than using an adaptive optics (AO) system to correct a telescope s entire pupil, it can instead be used to more finely correct a smaller sub-aperture. Indeed, existing AO systems can be used to correct a sub-aperture 1/3 to 1/2 the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 E. Serabyn , K. Wallace , M. Troy , B. Mennesson , P. Haguenauer , R. Gappinger , R. Burruss

Adaptive optics (AO) offers an opportunity to stabilize an image and maximize the spatial resolution achievable by ground based telescopes by removing the distortions due to the atmosphere. Typically, the deformable mirror in an AO system…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-07-30 J. Fowler , Rachel Bowens-Rubin , Philip M. Hinz

Optical metasurfaces (OMSs) have shown unprecedented capabilities for versatile wavefront manipulations at the subwavelength scale, thus opening fascinating perspectives for next generation ultracompact optical devices and systems. However,…

The past decade has seen a significant growth in research targeted at space based observatories for imaging exo-solar planets. The challenge is in designing an imaging system for high-contrast. Even with a perfect coronagraph that modifies…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2011-11-23 Laurent Pueyo , Jason Kay , N. Jeremy Kasdin , Tyler Groff , Michael Mc Elwain , Amir Give'on , Ruslan Belikov

As we enter the era of TESS and JWST, instrumentation that can carry out radial velocity measurements of exoplanet systems is in high demand. We will address this demand by upgrading the UC Lick Observatory's 2.4-meter Automated Planet…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-08-29 Rachel Bowens-Rubin , Arjo Bos , Philip Hinz , Bradford Holden , Matt Radovan

The Extremely Large Telescope and the Thirty Meter Telescope will use state of the art multiconjugate adaptive optics (MCAO) systems to obtain the full D4 advantage that their apertures can provide. However, to reach the full astrometric…

The Very Large Telescope Interferometer Auxiliary Telescopes will soon be equipped with an adaptive optics system called NAOMI. The corrective optics deformable mirror is the commercial DM241 from ALPAO. Being part of an interferometer…

In order to increase the corrected field of view of an adaptive optics (AO) system, several deformable mirrors (DM) have to be placed in the conjugate planes of the dominant turbulent layers (multi-conjugate adaptive optics, MCAO [Beckers…

Astrophysics · Physics 2022-04-20 T. Berkefeld , A. Glindemann , S. Hippler

We propose the segmented Large Millimeter Telescope (LMT/GTM),as the largest spatial light modulator capable of producing vortex beams of integer topological charge. This observing mode could be applied for direct exoplanet searches in the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-08-23 Juan P. Treviño , Omar López-Cruz , Sabino Chávez-Cerda

The advent of Wide Field Adaptive Optics (WFAO) systems marks the beginning of a new era in high spatial resolution imaging. The newly commissioned Gemini South Multi-Conjugate Adaptive Optics System (GeMS) combined with the infrared camera…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-11-23 A. Bernard , L. M. Mugnier , B. Neichel , T. Fusco , S. Bounissou , M. Samal , M. Andersen , A. Zavagno , H. Plana

Wide-orbit ($>$10 AU) gas giant planets shape the architecture of planetary systems, yet their occurrence rate remains poorly constrained. JWST has obtained the deepest mid-infrared images of nearby stars to date through substantial MIRI…

Recent advances in adaptive optics (AO) have led to the implementation of wide field-of-view AO systems. A number of wide-field AO systems are also planned for the forthcoming Extremely Large Telescopes. Such systems have multiple wavefront…

The Earth's atmosphere is comprised of turbulent layers that result in speckled and blurry images from ground-based visible and infrared observations. Adaptive Optics (AO) systems are employed to measure the perturbed wavefront with a…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-10-03 Zhenxi Du , Saavidra Perera , Daniel Levinstein , Quinn Konopacky , Alex Madurowicz , Bruce Macintosh , Lisa Poyneer , Richard Wilson , Ollie Farley

A new generation of telescopes with mirror diameters of 20 m or more, called extremely large telescopes (ELTs) has the potential to provide unprecedented imaging and spectroscopy of exo-planetary systems, if the difficulties in achieving…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-04-20 Richard A. Frazin

A multi-level tunable reflection array wide-angle beam scanning method is proposed to address the limited bandwidth and small scanning angle issues of current terahertz beam scanning technology. In this method, a focusing lens and its array…

Optics · Physics 2024-09-09 Weihua Yu , Hong Peng , Mingze Li , Haolin Li , Yuan Xue , Huikai Xie

The direct detection and imaging of exoplanets requires the use of high-contrast adaptive optics (AO). In these systems quasi-static aberrations need to be highly corrected and calibrated. In order to achieve this, the pupil-modulated…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-05-25 Nicolas Dubost , Nazim Ali Bharmal , Marc Dubbeldam , Richard M. Myers

The Deformable Mirror Simulator (DMS) is an optical device reproducing the F/13 beam from the adaptive secondary mirror of the Very Large Telescope UT4. The system has been designed and integrated as a test tool for the calibration and…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-07-29 Runa Briguglio , Armando Riccardi , Luca Carbonaro , Enrico Pinna , Chiara Selmi , Paolo Grani

Multi-conjugated adaptive optics (MCAO) yield nearly diffraction-limited images at 2$\mu$m wavelengths. Currently, GeMS/GSAOI at Gemini South is the only MCAO facility instrument at an 8m telescope. Using real data and for the first time,…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-09-08 Mischa Schirmer , Vincent Garrel , Gaetano Sivo , Eduardo Marin , Eleazar R. Carrasco

All coronagraphic instruments for exoplanet high-contrast imaging need wavefront correction systems to reject optical aberrations and create sufficiently dark holes. Since the most efficient wavefront correction algorithms (controllers and…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-10-09 He Sun , N. Jeremy Kasdin , Robert Vanderbei