Related papers: The n-th root of sequential effect algebras

Let $d\geq 2$ and $k\geq 1$ be fixed. We prove that, for every $\epsilon>0$ and every real $\beta$, there exist integers $1\leq b_1,\ldots,b_k\leq N$ such that \[ \left\|\sum_{j=1}^k b_j^{1/d}-\beta\right\| \ll_{d,k,\epsilon}…

We study the differential and metric structures of the set of real square roots of a non-singular real matrix, under the assumption that the matrix and its square roots are semi-simple, or symmetric, or orthogonal.

We show that, generically, finding the $k$-th root of a braid is very fast. More precisely, we provide an algorithm which, given a braid $x$ on $n$ strands and canonical length $l$, and an integer $k>1$, computes a $k$-th root of $x$, if it…

In this article, we only consider finite effect algebras. We define the concepts of classical and quantum effect algebras and show that an effect algebra $E$ is classical if and only if there exists an observable that measures every effect…

We show that the following two problems are fixed-parameter tractable with parameter k: testing whether a connected n-vertex graph with m edges has a square root with at most n-1+k edges and testing whether such a graph has a square root…

The investigation of primes in certain arithmetic sequences is one of the fundamental problems in number theory and especially, finding blocks of distinct primes has gained a lot of attention in recent years. In this context, we prove the…

In a quaternion order of class number one, an element can be factored in multiple ways depending on the order of the factorization of its reduced norm. The fact that multiplication is not commutative causes an element to induce a…

We study the asymptotics of the average number of squares (or quadratic residues) in Z_n and Z_n^*. Similar analyses are performed for cubes, square roots of 0 and 1, and cube roots of 0 and 1.

Let $n$ be a non-negative integer and $A=\{a_1,\ldots,a_k\}$ be a multi-set with $k$ not necessarily distinct members, where $a_1\leqslant\ldots\leqslant a_k$. We denote by $\Delta(n,A)$ the number of ways to partition $n$ as the form…

In this article we study the arithmetic mean value $\Sigma(n)$ of the square roots of the first $n$ integers. For this quantity, we develop an asymptotic expression, and derive a formula for its integer part which has been conjectured…

We describe a connection between the subjects of cluster algebras, polynomial identity algebras and discriminants. For this, we define the notion of root of unity quantum cluster algebras and prove that they are polynomial identity…

The paper provides a study of pseudo MV-algebras with square roots. We introduce different notions of a square root on a pseudo MV-algebra, and present their main properties. We show that the class of pseudo-MV-algebras with square roots is…

A square root is a unary operation with some special properties. In the paper, we introduce and study square roots on EMV-algebras. First, the known properties of square roots defined on MV-algebras will be generalized for EMV-algebras, and…

The quaternion equation X^n=A is solved for any integer number n > 1. A is a given quaternion with komplex numbers as its elements. We use the isomorphism between quaternions and (4,4)-matrices to solve this equation.

Main result: If a C*-algebra is simple, $\sigma$-unital, has finitely many extremal traces, and has strict comparison of positive elements by traces, then its multiplier also has strict comparison of positive elements by traces. The same…

If $\mathscr{G} = (G, +)$ is an abelian group, $S \subset G$ is said to scatter under addition if for all $a,b \in S$, $a+b \not \in S$. If $\mathscr{U}^{n}_{p}$ is the set of $n$th roots of unity in $\mathbb{Z}/p\mathbb{Z}$, where $n \geq…

We consider properties of polynomials with coefficients in division rings. A theorem on the decomposition of a polynomial with coefficients in an arbitrary division ring is obtained. It is shown that if a non-central element is not a root…

In a previous article, the author proves that the value of the root number varies in a non-isotrivial family of elliptic curves indexed by one parameter $t$ running through $\mathbb{Q}$. However, a well-known example of Washington has root…

We study partitions of complex numbers as sums of non-negative powers of a fixed algebraic number $\beta$. We prove that if $\beta$ is real quadratic, then the number of partitions is always finite if and only if some conjugate of $\beta$…

Our main result is that any real cubic algebraic number has a continued fraction expansion with polynomial coefficients. Some generalizations are mentioned.