Related papers: Subtleties on energy calculations in the image met…
Students are taught several models of conductivity, both at the introductory and the advanced level. From early macroscopic models of current flow in circuits, through the discussion of microscopic particle descriptions of electrons flowing…
The traditional explicit electrostatic momentum-conserving Particle-in-cell algorithm requires strict resolution of the electron Debye length to deliver numerical accuracy. The explicit electrostatic energy-conserving Particle-in-Cell…
The electrostatic field energy due to two fixed pointlike charges shows some peculiar features concerning the distribution in space of the field energy density of the system. Here we discuss the evaluation of the field energy and the…
Various types of equilibrium processes involve electric fields. In some cases, the electrical energy appears to be negative (e.g. if the voltage is fixed by an external source). This paper explains how to derive the correct thermo-dynamic…
We introduce a method of exploring potential energy contours in complex dynamical systems based on potentiostatic kinematics wherein the systems are evolved with minimal changes to their potential energy. We construct a simple iterative…
It has been shown that to calculate the parameters of the electrostatic field of the ion crystal lattice it sufficient to take into account ions located at a distance of 1-2 lattice spacings. More distant ions make insignificant…
The binding of clusters of metal nanoparticles is partly electrostatic. We address difficulties in calculating the electrostatic energy when high charging energies limit the total charge to a single quantum, entailing unequal potentials on…
In the standard "monoenergetic" approach to numerical calculation of stellarator neoclassical transport, to expedite computation, ad-hoc changes are made to the kinetic equation so speed enters only as a parameter. Here we examine the…
This letter describes a method for obtaining an explicit expression for the electrostatic energy of a charged elliptical infinitely thin disc. The charge distribution is assumed to be polynomial. Such explicit values for this energy are…
Evaluating the total energy of an extended distribution of point charges, which interact through the Coulomb potential, is central to the study of condensed matter. With near ubiquity, the summation required is carried out using Ewald's…
The electrostatic potential and energy of point charges in a real crystal, in the presence of thermal vibrations, is obtained as a special case of the Fourier method. Incorporating the role of thermal vibrations in electrostatic energy…
Electrical image potentials can be important in small spaces, such as nanoscale pores in porous electrodes, which are used in capacitive desalination and in supercapacitors. It will be shown here that inside pores in porous metallic…
It is shown that the system consisting of two infinite and parallel planes, one of them a conductor, and the other an insulator with a uniform distribution of charges, is the simplest example of the use of the method of images, in contrast…
We derive the full expression for the shape of the charge spectrum that results from the illumination of a photo-multiplier tube. The derivation is for low intensity illumination with constant gain, a common condition for most nuclear and…
Experiments often show that the photoconductance $\sigma$ of a semiconductor system and the light intensity $I$ are related by $\sigma\sim I^\gamma$. Conventional theories give a satisfactory explanation for $\gamma=1$ or $\gamma=1/2$, but…
We address periodic-image errors arising from the use of periodic boundary conditions to describe systems that do not exhibit full three-dimensional periodicity. The difference between the periodic potential, as straightforwardly obtained…
This paper is devoted to the analysis of the divergence of the electron self-energy in classical electrodynamics. To do so, we appeal to the theory of distributions and a method for obtaining corresponding extensions. At first sight,…
Spatial intensity moments computed on images can be used as a probe of the centroid, size, and orientation of pixelized sources such as stars and galaxies. However, all measurements made on images suffer from errors due to undersampling and…
Macroscopic objects floating in an ionized gas (plasma walls) accumulate electrons more efficiently than ions because the influx of electrons outruns the influx of ions. The floating potential acquired by plasma walls is thus negative with…
We measure the energy distribution of electrons passing through a two-dimensional electron gas using a scanning probe microscope. We present direct spatial images of coherent electron wave flow from a quantum point contact formed in a…