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Patchy colloids are promising candidates for building blocks in directed self-assembly. To be successful the surface patterns need to both be simple enough to be synthesized, while feature-rich enough to cause the colloids to self-assemble…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2014-05-13 Erik Edlund , Oskar Lindgren , Martin Nilsson Jacobi

We prove a Pumping Lemma for the noncooperative abstract Tile Assembly Model, a model central to the theory of algorithmic self-assembly since the beginning of the field. This theory suggests, and our result proves, that small differences…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2020-02-11 Pierre-Étienne Meunier , Damien Regnault , Damien Woods

We prove a result which strongly hints at the computational weakness of a model of tile assembly that has so far resisted many attempts of formal analysis or positive constructions. Specifically, we prove that, in Winfree's abstract Tile…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2016-10-28 Pierre-Étienne Meunier , Damien Regnault

Perhaps the two most significant theoretical questions about the programming of self-assembling agents are: (1) necessary and sufficient conditions to produce a unique terminal assembly, and (2) error correction. We address both questions,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2009-09-16 Aaron Sterling

Tile-based self-assembly systems are capable of universal computation and algorithmically-directed growth. Systems capable of such behavior typically make use of "glue cooperation" in which the glues on at least $2$ sides of a tile must…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2019-03-15 Daniel Hader , Matthew J. Patitz

Harnessing the intrinsic dynamics of physical systems for information processing opens new avenues for computation embodied in matter. Using simulations of a model system, we show that assemblies of DNA tiles capable of self-organizing into…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-10-23 Tim E. Veenstra , René van Roij , Marjolein Dijkstra

We consider the problem of approximating a two-dimensional shape contour (or curve segment) using discrete assembly systems, which allow to build geometric structures based on limited sets of node and edge types subject to edge length and…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2021-02-03 Andreas M. Tillmann , Leif Kobbelt

Controlling the size and shape of assembled structures is a fundamental challenge in self-assembly, and is highly relevant in material design and biology. Here, we show that specific, but promiscuous, short-range binding interactions make…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-07-08 Maximilian C. Hübl , Carl P. Goodrich

In this work, following the Discrete de Rham (DDR) paradigm, we develop an arbitrary-order discrete divdiv complex on general polyhedral meshes. The construction rests 1) on discrete spaces that are spanned by vectors of polynomials whose…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-09-13 Daniele A. Di Pietro , Marien-Lorenzo Hanot

In this paper, we introduce the following problem in the theory of algorithmic self-assembly: given an input shape as the seed of a tile-based self-assembly system, design a finite tile set that can, in some sense, uniquely identify whether…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2010-06-16 Matthew J. Patitz , Scott M. Summers

In this paper we present a model containing modifications to the Signal-passing Tile Assembly Model (STAM), a tile-based self-assembly model whose tiles are capable of activating and deactivating glues based on the binding of other glues.…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-03-30 Andrew Alseth , Daniel Hader , Matthew J. Patitz

DNA Self-Assembly has emerged as an interdisciplinary field with many intriguing applications such DNA bio-sensor, DNA circuits, DNA storage, drug delivery etc. Tile assembly model of DNA has been studied for various computational…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2015-02-20 Shalin Shah , Parth Dave , Manish K Gupta

This short survey of recent work in tile self-assembly discusses the use of simulation to classify and separate the computational and expressive power of self-assembly models. The journey begins with the result that there is a single…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2013-09-06 Damien Woods

Self-assembly is ubiquitous in nature, particularly in biology, where it underlies the formation of protein quaternary structure and protein aggregation. Quaternary structure assembles deterministically and performs a wide range of…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2016-04-27 S. Tesoro , S. E. Ahnert

The simulated self-assembly of molecular building blocks into functional complexes is a key area of study in computational biology and materials science. Self-assembly simulations of proteins using physically-motivated potentials for…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-09-03 Ivan Spirandelli , Arnur Nigmetov , Dmitriy Morozov , Myfanwy E. Evans

Branched junction molecule assembly of DNA nanostructures, pioneered by Seeman's laboratory in the 1980s, has become increasingly sophisticated, as have the assembly targets. A critical design step is finding minimal sets of branched…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-08-03 Leyda Almodóvar , Jo Ellis-Monaghan , Amanda Harsy , Cory Johnson , Jessica Sorrells

We introduce a new model of algorithmic tile self-assembly called size-dependent assembly. In previous models, supertiles are stable when the total strength of the bonds between any two halves exceeds some constant temperature. In this…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2015-09-24 Sándor P. Fekete , Robert T. Schweller , Andrew Winslow

Hierarchically structured natural materials possess functionalities unattainable to the same components organized or mixed in simpler ways. For instance, the bones and teeth of mammals are far stronger and more durable than the mineral…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2014-04-04 Thomas K. Haxton , Stephen Whitelam

In this paper, we prove that in the abstract Tile Assembly Model (aTAM), an accretion-based model which only allows for a single tile to attach to a growing assembly at each step, there are no tile assembly systems capable of…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2018-07-18 Jacob Hendricks , Joseph Opseth , Matthew Patitz , Scott Summers

A limitation to molecular implementations of tile-based self-assembly systems is the high rate of mismatch errors which has been observed to be between 1% and 10%. Controlling the physical conditions of the system to reduce this intrinsic…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-04-09 Brad Shutters , Timothy P. Hartke , Robert J. Sammelson