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The bending energy of any freely deformable closed surface is quadratic in its curvature. In the absence of constraints, it will be minimized when the surface adopts the form of a round sphere. If the surface is confined within a…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2013-03-19 Jemal Guven , José Antonio Santiago , Pablo Vázquez-Montejo

Equilibrium thermodynamic laws are typically applied to horizons in general relativity without stating the conditions that bring them into equilibrium. We fill this gap by applying a new thermodynamic interpretation to a generalized…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-07-31 Nezihe Uzun , David L. Wiltshire

We first show that the intrinsic, geometrical structure of a dynamical horizon is unique. A number of physically interesting constraints are then established on the location of trapped and marginally trapped surfaces in the vicinity of any…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Abhay Ashtekar , Gregory J. Galloway

We present a framework for nonlinearly coupled scalar-tensor theory of gravity to address both inflation and core-collapse supernova problems. The unified approach is based on a novel dynamical trapping and relaxation of scalar gravity in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-09-16 C. H. -T. Wang , A. O. Hodson , A. St J. Murphy , T. B. Davies , J. T. Mendonca , R. Bingham

We discuss how the surface gravity can be classically defined for dynamical black holes. In particular we focus on defining the surface gravity for locally defined horizons and compare a number definitions proposed in the literature. We…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Alex B. Nielsen , Jong Hyuk Yoon

A strengthened canonical quantization scheme for the constrained motion on a curved hypersurface is proposed with introduction of the second category of fundamental commutation relations between Hamiltonian and positions/momenta, whereas…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-10-07 Q. H. Liu

The fundamental ideas and tools of the global geometric formulation of stress and hyper-stress theory of continuum mechanics are introduced. The proposed framework is the infinite dimensional counterpart of statics of systems having finite…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2019-04-24 Reuven Segev

In any static spacetime the quasilocal Tolman mass contained within a volume can be reduced to a Gauss-like surface integral involving the flux of a suitably defined generalized surface gravity. By introducing some basic thermodynamics, and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-09-28 Gabriel Abreu , Matt Visser

Using the time evolution equations of (cosmological) General Relativity in the first order Fischer-Marsden form, we construct an integral that measures the amount of non-stationary energy on a given spacelike hypersurface in $D$ dimensions.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-01-22 Emel Altas , Bayram Tekin

Energy is at best defined quasilocally in general relativity. Quasilocal energy definitions depend on the conditions one imposes on the boundary Hamiltonian, i.e., how a finite region of spacetime is "isolated". Here, we propose a method to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-10-19 Nezihe Uzun

We apply the Hawking-Hayward quasi-local energy construct to obtain in a rigorous way the turnaround radius of cosmic structures in General Relativity. A splitting of this quasi-local mass into local and cosmological parts describes the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-10-14 Valerio Faraoni , Marianne Lapierre-Léonard , Angus Prain

The paper aims to adopt the complex octonion to formulate the angular momentum, torque, and force etc in the electromagnetic and gravitational fields. Applying the octonionic representation enables one single definition of angular momentum…

General Physics · Physics 2015-07-22 Zi-Hua Weng

For a charge-monopole pair, though the definition of the orbital angular momentum is different from the usual one, and the transverse part of the momentum that includes the vector potential as an additive term turns out to be the so-called…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-30 S. F. Xiao , Q. H. Liu

This work formulates and gives grounds for general principles and theorems that question the energy function doctrine and its quantum version as a genuine law of nature without borders of adequacy. The emphasis is on the domain where the…

General Physics · Physics 2011-09-23 V. E. Shapiro

We establish partial H\"older continuity of the gradient for equilibrium configurations of vectorial multidimensional variational problems, involving bulk and surface energies. The bulk energy densities are uniformly strictly quasiconvex…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-01-14 Menita Carozza , Luca Esposito , Lorenzo Lamberti

Relativistic dynamics with energy and momentum resricted to an anti-de-Sitter space is presented, specifically in the introduction of coordiate operators conjugate to such momenta. Definition of functions of these operators, their…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2011-03-28 Myron Bander

We define the coarse-grained entropy of a `normal' surface $\sigma$, i.e., a surface that is neither trapped nor antitrapped. Following Engelhardt and Wall, the entropy is defined in terms of the area of an auxiliary extremal surface. This…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-02-08 Raphael Bousso , Yasunori Nomura , Grant N. Remmen

This paper deals with a detail study of gravitational collapse of dust and viscous fluids under the assumptions of spherical symmetry. Our main goal is to closely analyze the horizons which arise during this gravitational phenomenon. To…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-09-23 Ayan Chatterjee , Amit Ghosh , Suresh Jaryal

Over the past three decades, black holes have played an important role in quantum gravity, mathematical physics, numerical relativity and gravitational wave phenomenology. However, conceptual settings and mathematical models used to discuss…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-25 Abhay Ashtekar , Badri Krishnan

Geometric momentum is the appropriate momentum for a particle constrained to move on a curved surface, which depends on the extrinsic curvature and leads to observable effects, and curvature-induced quantum potentials appear for a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-01 Z. Li , L. Q. Lai