Related papers: Phase separation in hydrogen-helium mixtures at Mb…
An equation of state for the domain extending from hot gases to cool-dense fluids is formulated for a hydrogen-helium mixture. The physical processes take account of temperature ionization and dissociation, electron degeneracy, Coulomb…
A vast amount of Raman spectroscopic data, obtained using diamond anvil cell technique under in situ high pressure-temperature conditions, has been used for mapping the phase transitions of hydrogen in the temperature range of 300 K to 900…
The internal structure of gas giant planets may be more complex than the commonly assumed core-envelope structure with an adiabatic temperature profile. Different primordial internal structures as well as various physical processes can lead…
Helium is the second most abundant element in the universe, and together with silica, they are major components of giant planets. Exploring the reactivity and state of helium and silica under high pressure is of fundamental importance for…
The process of transport of metal particles ($\mathit{ejecta}$) in gases is the subject of recent works in the field of nuclear energetics. We studied the process of dissolution of titanium ejecta in warm dense hydrogen at megabar pressure.…
The formation of the giant planets in our solar system, and likely a majority of giant exoplanets, is commonly explained by the accretion of nebular hydrogen and helium onto a large core of terrestrial-like composition. The fate of this…
We present a lattice QCD determination of masses of the conjectured H-dibaryon $m_H$ at nine different temperatures $T/T_c =0.24, 0.63, 0.76, 0.84, 0.95, 1.09, 1.27, 1.52, 1.90$. In the meantime, the masses of baryon $N$, $\Sigma$, $\Xi$…
The most abundant type of planet discovered in the Galaxy has no analogue in our Solar System and is believed to consist of a rocky interior with an overlying thick H2 dominated envelope. Models have predicted that the reaction between the…
While Jupiter's massive gas envelope consists mainly of hydrogen and helium, the key to understanding Jupiter's formation and evolution lies in the distribution of the remaining (heavy) elements. Before the Juno mission, the lack of…
Hydrocarbon mixtures are extremely abundant in the Universe, and diamond formation from them can play a crucial role in shaping the interior structure and evolution of planets. With first-principles accuracy, we first estimate the diamond…
In anticipation of new observational results for Jupiter's axial moment of inertia and gravitational zonal harmonic coefficients from the forthcoming Juno orbiter, we present a number of preliminary Jupiter interior models. We combine…
We calculate the equation of state of dense hydrogen within the chemical picture. Fluid variational theory is generalized for a multi-component system of molecules, atoms, electrons, and protons. Chemical equilibrium is supposed for the…
We present 'empirical' models (pressure vs. density) of Saturn's interior constrained by the gravitational coefficients J_2, J_4, and J_6 for different assumed rotation rates of the planet. The empirical pressure-density profile is…
Using ab initio molecular dynamics simulations, we calculate the physical properties of MgO at conditions extending from the ones encountered in the Earth mantle up to the ones anticipated in giant planet interiors such as Jupiter. We pay…
Recent observations and theoretical investigations of neutron stars indicate that their atmospheres consist not of hydrogen or iron but possibly other elements such as helium. We calculate the ionization and dissociation equilibrium of…
The details of the Solar system's formation are still heavily debated. Questions remain about the formation locations of the giant planets, and the degree to which volatile material was mixed throughout the proto-planetary system. One…
Liquid metallic hydrogen (LMH) was recently produced under static compression and high temperatures in bench-top experiments. Here, we report a study of the optical reflectance of LMH in the pressure region of 1.4-1.7 Mbar and use the Drude…
Recent laser-shock experiments on an H--He mixture containing 11~$\%$ helium (atomic fraction) have suggested the presence of an immiscibility region inside Jupiter. Reflectivity measurements were used as the primary diagnostic of H--He…
Fermionic path integral Monte Carlo simulations have been applied to study the equilibrium properties of the hydrogen and deuterium in the density and temperature range of 1.6 < rs < 14.0 and 5000K < T < 167000K. We use this technique to…
We use a 1D thermochemical and photochemical kinetics model to predict the disequilibrium stratospheric chemistries of warm and hot Jupiters (800 < T < 1200 K). Thermal chemistry and vertical mixing are generally more important than…