Related papers: Tricritical Points and Liquid-Solid Critical Lines
Universality aids consistent understanding of physical properties. This includes understanding the states of matter where a theory predicts how a property of a phase (solid, liquid, gas) changes with temperature or pressure. Here, we show…
The tricritical point, which separates first and second order phase transitions in three-dimensional superconductors, is studied in the four-dimensional Coleman-Weinberg model, and the similarities as well as the differences with respect to…
A novel liquid-liquid phase transition has been proposed and investigated in a wide variety of pure substances recently, including water, silica and silicon. From computer simulations using the Stillinger-Weber classical empirical…
We discover a new tricritical point realized only in non-equilibrium steady states, using the AdS/CFT correspondence. Our system is a (3+1)-dimensional strongly-coupled large-$N_{c}$ gauge theory. The tricritical point is associated with a…
The properties of hydrogen at high pressure have wide implications in astrophysics and high-pressure physics. Its phase change in the liquid is variously described as a metallization, H2-dissociation, density discontinuity or plasma phase…
While classical theory of phase transitions deals with systems where shape variation is energetically neutral, the account of rigidity can lead to the emergence of new thermodynamic features. One of them is a special type of critical points…
The dynamic phase transition has been studied in the two dimensional kinetic Ising model in presence of a time varying (sinusoidal) magnetic field by Monte Carlo simulation. The nature (continuous or discontinuous) of the transition is…
The accurate and robust simulation of transcritical real-fluid effects is crucial for many engineering applications, such as fuel injection in internal combustion engines, rocket engines and gas turbines. For example, in diesel engines, the…
First principle study of QCD at finite temperature $T$ and chemical potential $\mu$ is essential for understanding a wide range of phenomena from heavy-ion collisions to cosmology and neutron stars. However, in the presence of finite…
Supercritical fluids play a significant role in elucidating fundamental aspects of liquid matter under extreme conditions. They have been extensively studied at pressures and temperatures relevant to various industrial applications.…
Grain Boundaries (GB) whose energy is larger than twice the energy of the solid/liquid interface exhibit the premelting phenomenon, for which an atomically thin liquid layer develops at temperatures slightly below the bulk melting…
The dihedral contact angles between interfaces in three-fluid-phase equilibria must be continuous functions of the bulk thermodynamic fields. This general argument, which we propose, predicts a nonwetting gap in the phase diagram,…
A mean-field density-functional model for three-phase equilibria in fluids (or other soft condensed matter) with two spatially varying densities is analyzed analytically and numerically. The interfacial tension between any two out of three…
The quark matter phase diagram is believed to contain two distinguished points, lying on the boundary of the Quark-Gluon Plasma phase: a critical point and a triple point. In the holographic ["AdS/QCD"] approach, the region of relatively…
Recent advance in understanding the supercritical state posits the existence of a new line above the critical point separating two physically distinct states of matter: rigid liquid and non-rigid gas-like fluid. The location of this line,…
Engineering long-range interactions in experimental platforms has been achieved with great success in a large variety of quantum systems in recent years. Inspired by this progress, we propose a generalization of the classical Hamiltonian…
The energy spectrum of a 3-level atomic system in the $\Xi$-configuration is studied. This configuration presents a triple point independently of the number of atoms, which remains in the thermo- dynamic limit. This means that in a vicinity…
The critical point in particle physics at high temperature is studied through the ideal gas of scalars, the dilatons, in the model that implies the spontaneous breaking of an approximate scale symmetry. We consider the dynamical system of…
It is shown that the peculiar features observed in the low-temperature phase diagrams of ZrZn_2, UGe_2, and MnSi can be understood in terms of a simple mean-field theory. The nature of the ferromagnetic transition changes from second order…
We study the phase diagram of spin-triplet superconductors, considering the effect of the external magnetic field on the electrons' spins. For a given symmetry of the order parameter and a generic orientation of the field, we find that the…