Related papers: Square root meadows

We determine exactly which positive rational numbers occur as squared edge lengths of regular $d$-simplices with vertices in $\mathbb{Q}^n$. The answer exhibits a sharp stabilization phenomenon: once $n-d\geq 3$, every positive rational…

For $q \in (0, 1)$, the deformed exponential function $f(x) = \sum_{n \geq 1} x^n q^{n(n-1)/2}/n!$ is known to have infinitely many simple and negative zeros $\{x_k(q)\}_{k \geq 1}$. In this paper, we analyze the series expansions of…

We study the problem of decomposing a non-negative polynomial as an exact sum of squares (SOS) in the case where the associated semidefinite program is feasible but not strictly feasible (for example if the polynomial has real zeros).…

Every natural number greater than two may be written as the sum of a prime and a square-free number. We establish several generalisations of this, by placing divisibility conditions on the square-free number.

We have proved in this paper that numbers can be expressed in algebraic form using one variable and two real rational quantities and thus sum of three cubes can also be expressed in algebraic form as a cubic polynomial. Using skeletal or…

We investigate finite and infinite nested square root formulas convergent to unity.

We propose a new arithmetic for non-empty rooted unordered trees simply called trees. After discussing tree representation and enumeration, we define the operations of tree addition, multiplication and stretch, prove their properties, and…

In this note, we study non-standard models of the rational numbers with countably many elements. These are ordered fields, and so it makes sense to complete them, using non-standard Cauchy sequences. The main result of this note shows that…

We extend the family of classical Schur algebras in type A, which determine the polynomial representation theory of general linear groups over an infinite field, to a larger family, the rational Schur algebras, which determine the rational…

We prove that hypersurfaces defined by irreducible square-free polynomials have rational singularities. As an easy consequence, we deduce that certain (possibly non-square-free) polynomials associated to pairs of square-free polynomials…

The arithmetic of natural numbers has a natural and simple encoding within sets, and the simplest set whose structure is not that of any natural number extends this set-theoretic representation to positive and negative integers. The…

Fracterms are introduced as a proxy for fractions. A precise definition of fracterms is formulated and on that basis reasonably precise definitions of various classes of fracterms are given. In the context of the meadow of rational numbers…

The roots of -1 in the set of biquaternions (quaternions with complex components, or complex numbers with quaternion real and imaginary parts) are studied and it is shown that there is an infinite number of non-trivial complexified…

We show that for any constant d, complex roots of degree d univariate rational (or Gaussian rational) polynomials---given by a list of coefficients in binary---can be computed to a given accuracy by a uniform TC^0 algorithm (a uniform…

The notion of a root functional of a system of polynomials or ideal of polynomials is a generalization of the notion of a root, in particular, for a multiple root. A root functional is a linear functional that is defined on a polynomial…

We investigate generalized quadratic forms with values in the set of rational integers over quadratic fields. We characterize the real quadratic fields which admit a positive definite binary generalized form of this type representing every…

We present an explicit algorithmic method for computing square roots in quaternion algebras over global fields of characteristic different from 2.

In the computation of Feynman integrals which evaluate to multiple polylogarithms one encounters quite often square roots. To express the Feynman integral in terms of multiple polylogarithms, one seeks a transformation of variables, which…

We show that univariate trinomials $x^n + ax^s + b \in \mathbb{F}_q[x]$ can have at most $\delta \Big\lfloor \frac{1}{2} +\sqrt{\frac{q-1}{\delta}} \Big\rfloor$ distinct roots in $\mathbb{F}_q$, where $\delta = \gcd(n, s, q - 1)$. We also…

We survey the potential for progress in additive number theory arising from recent advances concerning major arc bounds associated with mean value estimates for smooth Weyl sums. We focus attention on the problem of representing large…