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In this article, I will review how observations performed with extensive air showers are being used to probe hadronic interactions at high energy. I will briefly overview the new studies exploring the connection between the dynamics of air…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2019-09-09 Lorenzo Cazon

The IceCube Neutrino Observatory provides the opportunity to perform unique measurements of cosmic-ray air showers with its combination of a surface array and a deep detector. Electromagnetic particles and low-energy muons ($\sim$GeV) are…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-07-21 Stef Verpoest , Dennis Soldin , Sam De Ridder

The model dependence of the development of extensive air showers generated by high-energy cosmic-ray particles in the atmosphere is studied. The increase of proton-proton and proton-air inelastic cross-sections and values for the elasticity…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Joerg R. Hoerandel

The CORSIKA 8 project is a collaborative effort aiming to develop a versatile C++ framework for the simulation of extensive air showers, intended to eventually succeed the long-standing FORTRAN version. I present an overview of its current…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-04-09 Maximilian Reininghaus

The depth of maximum for extensive air showers measured by Fly's Eye and Yakutsk experiments is analysed. The analysis depends on the hadronic interaction model that determine cascade development. The novel feature found in the cascading…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 Tadeusz Wibig

Extensive air showers are complex objects, resulting of billions of particle reactions initiated by single cosmic ray at ultra-high-energy. Their characteristics are sensitive both to the mass of the primary cosmic ray and to the details of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-06-12 Lorenzo Cazon

The KASCADE experiment measures a high number of EAS observables with a large degree of sampling of the electron-photon, muon, and hadron components. It provides accurate data for an event-by-event analysis of the primary cosmic ray flux in…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 KASCADE Collaboration , T. Antoni

Heavy quarks are commonly produced in current accelerator experiments. Hence it is natural to think that they should be likewise created in collisions with larger center of mass energies like the ones involving ultra-high energy cosmic rays…

Computational Physics · Physics 2015-06-12 A. Bueno , A. Gascon

An interpretation of AGASA (Akeno Giant Air Shower Array) data by comparing the experimental results with the simulated ones by CORSIKA (COsmic Ray SImulation for KASCADE) has been made. General features of the electromagnetic component and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-30 M. Nagano , D. Heck , K. Shinozaki , N. Inoue , J. Knapp

The physics content of the QGSJET-III Monte Carlo model of high energy hadronic interactions is briefly described. The predictions of the model for extensive air shower characteristics are presented in comparison to the corresponding…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-11-06 Sergey Ostapchenko

The particle showers produced in the atmosphere due to the interactions of primary cosmic particles require a thorough understanding in the backdrop of searches for rare interactions. In this work, we made a comprehensive study of air…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-02-15 Hariom Sogarwal , Prashant Shukla

We study the dependence of extensive air shower development on the first hadronic interactions at ultra-high energies occurring in the startup phase of the air shower cascade. The interpretation of standard air shower observables depends on…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2009-06-03 Ralf Ulrich , Ralph Engel , Steffen Müller , Tanguy Pierog , Fabian Schüssler , Michael Unger

The AIRES (AIR-shower Extended Simulations) system is a set of programs and subroutines to realistically simulate particle showers produced after the incidence of high energy cosmic rays on the Earth's atmosphere, and to manage all the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2019-07-12 S. J. Sciutto

The evolution of the muon content of very high energy air showers (EAS) in the atmosphere is investigated with data of the KASCADE-Grande observatory. For this purpose, the muon attenuation length in the atmosphere is obtained to…

A comparative study of commonly used hadronic collision simulation packages is presented. The characteristics of the products of hadron-nucleus collisions are analyzed from a general perspective, but focusing on their correlation with…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-10 R. Luna , A. Zepeda , C. A. Garcia Canal , S. J. Sciutto

KASCADE-Grande was dedicated to measuring the energy spectrum and mass composition of cosmic rays in the energy range of 10 PeV to 1 EeV. We observed a knee-like structure in the heavy mass component at around 100 PeV and an ankle-like…

An efficient scheme for one-dimensional extensive air shower simulation and its implementation in the program CONEX are presented. Explicit Monte Carlo simulation of the high-energy part of hadronic and electromagnetic cascades in the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-07-22 T. Bergmann , R. Engel , D. Heck , N. N. Kalmykov , S. Ostapchenko , T. Pierog , T. Thouw , K. Werner

Experiments measuring cosmic rays above an energy of 10^14 eV deduce the energy and mass of the primary cosmic ray particles from air-shower simulations. We investigate the importance of hadronic interactions at low and high energies on the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2010-02-04 I. C. Maris , R. Engel , X. Garrido , A. Haungs , M. Roth , R. Ulrich , M. Unger

Using CORSIKA for simulating extensive air showers, we study the relation between the shower characteristics and features of hadronic multiparticle production at low energies. We report about investigations of typical energies and phase…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 C. Meurer , J. Bluemer , R. Engel , A. Haungs , M. Roth