Related papers: Fluctuation of the Initial Conditions and Its Cons…
We discuss two topics on the experimental measurements of fluctuation observables in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. First, we discuss the effects of the thermal blurring, i.e. the blurring effect arising from the experimental…
Within the framework of a multi-phase transport model, harmonic flows $v_n$ (n = 2, 3 and 4) are investigated for Au + Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV and Pb + Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 2.76 TeV. The event-by-event…
We review the main features of event-by-event fluctuations of the content of the Fock states of onia (as models for dilute hadrons, or as bare hadronic components of virtual photons), as well as some of their observable consequences. We…
Overview of event-by-event studies on relativistic heavy-ion collisions is given. I focus on fluctuation measurements and on theoretical ideas which appeared experimentally fruitful.
We investigate the effect of initial conditions on the fluctuations of the integrated density current across the origin ($x=0$) up to a given time $t$ in a one-dimensional system of non-interacting run-and-tumble particles. Each particle…
Initial states of high energy heavy ion collisions are studied using a dipole model through the DIPSY event generator that dynamically includes saturation together with the fluctuations and correlations of the BFKL cascade. The…
A systemical analysis of the initial fluctuation effect on the collective flows for Au+Au at 1$A$ GeV has been presented in the framework of Isospin-dependent Quantum Molecular Dynamics model (IQMD), and a special focus on the initial…
The effects of initial state fluctuations on elliptic flow are investigated within a (3+1)d Boltzmann + hydrodynamics transport approach. The spatial eccentricity ($\epsilon_{\rm RP}$ and $\epsilon_{\rm part}$) is calculated for initial…
Hydrodynamic description requires a local thermodynamic equilibrium of the system under study but an approximate hydrodynamic behaviour is already manifested when a momentum distribution of liquid components is not of equilibrium form but…
Study of event by event fluctuations of thermodynamic quantities offer us more insight about the hot and dense matter created in the relativistic heavy ion collisions. In this review the recent results on these studies carried out by the…
Heavy-ion collisions at relativistic energies probe matter at extreme conditions of temperatures and energy densities. The study of event-by-event fluctuations of experimental observables is crucial to probe the QCD phase transition, locate…
Chiral pair fluctuation are considered near the phase boundary of the inhomogeneous chiral phase (iCP). The fluctuations are then bosonized and an effective action for the chiral pair fluctuation is basically constructed by considering the…
We study causal viscous hydrodynamics in the context of central relativistic heavy-ion collisions and provide details of a straightforward numerical algorithm to solve the hydrodynamic equations. It is shown that correlation functions of…
Nuclear quantum effects, such as zero-point energy and tunneling, cause significant changes to the structure and dynamics of hydrogen bonded systems such as liquid water. However, due to the current inability to simulate liquid water using…
We demonstrate that a new type of analysis in heavy-ion collisions, based on an event-by-event analysis of the transverse momentum distribution, allows us to obtain information on secondary interactions and collective behaviour that is not…
The measurement of particle correlations and event-by-event fluctuations of physical observables allows to study a large variety of properties of the matter produced in ultra relativistic heavy-ion collisions. We will present results for…
We study how local fluctuations in the initial states of relativistic heavy-ion collisions manifest themselves in the correlations between different orders of harmonic moments of the density profiles, particularly those involving only odd…
We propose to use the hadron number fluctuations in the limited momentum regions to study the evolution of initial flows in high energy nuclear collisions. In this method by a proper preparation of a collision sample the projectile and…
The heavy-ion collisions can produce extremely strong transient magnetic and electric fields. We study the azimuthal fluctuation of these fields and their correlations with the also fluctuating matter geometry (characterized by the…
The transverse momentum anisotropy of the particles produced in heavy ion collisions is one of the most important experimental observable to investigate the collective behavior of the systems created in such collisions. Recent studies show…