Related papers: Fluctuation of the Initial Conditions and Its Cons…
The event-by-event analysis of high energy nuclear collisions aims at revealing the richness of the underlying event structures and provide unique measures of dynamical fluctuations associated with QGP phase transition. The major challenge…
We analyze event-by-event fluctuations of the transverse momentum in relativistic heavy-ion collisions at RHIC in the framework based on the fluctuating Glauber-model initial conditions, event-by-event (3+1)-dimensional viscous…
We show that fluctuating proton positions in the colliding nuclei generate, on the event-by-event basis, very strong magnetic and electric fields in the direction both parallel and perpendicular to the reaction plane. The magnitude of E and…
Event-by-event fluctuations in the initial stages of ultrarelativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions depend little on rapidity. The hydrodynamic expansion which occurs in later stages then gives rise to correlations among outgoing particles…
We discuss the physics underlying event-by-event fluctuations in relativistic heavy ion collisions. We will argue that the fluctuations of the ratio of positively over negatively charged particles may serve as a unique signature for the…
We suggest to perform systematic measurements of the elliptic flow fluctuations which are sensitive to the early stage dynamics of heavy-ion collisions at high-energies. Significant flow fluctuations are shown to be generated due to the…
This contribution presents a review of our present theoretical as well as experimental knowledge of different fluctuation observables relevant to nuclear multifragmentation. The possible connection between the presence of a fluctuation peak…
We briefly review advances in understanding the initial stages of a heavy ion collision. In particular the focus is on moving from parametrizing the initial state to calculating its properties from QCD, consistently with the description of…
In this work, we study the two-particle correlations regarding a peripheral tube model. From our perspective, the main characteristics of the observed two-particle correlations are attributed to the multiplicity fluctuations and the locally…
Multiplicity fluctuations are one of the most crucial observables in the Beam Energy Scan program of the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. It is understood that they can be utilized to probe the whereabouts of the critical point on the phase…
We develop methods to deal with non-dynamical contributions to event-by-event fluctuation measurements of net-particle numbers in relativistic nuclear collisions. These contributions arise from impact parameter fluctuations and from the…
The event-by-event fluctuations of suitably chosen observables in heavy ion collisions at SPS, RHIC and LHC can tell us about the thermodynamic properties of the hadronic system at freeze-out. By studying these fluctuations as a function of…
We overview the current status and recent developments on initial conditions in ultra-relativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions. Specifically, we look at the progress in understanding the role of sub-nucleonic fluctuations in large and small…
Event-by-event fluctuations of the initial transverse density profile result in a collective flow pattern which also fluctuates event by event. We propose a number of new correlation observables to characterize these fluctuations and…
Many simulations of relativistic heavy ion collisions involve the switching from relativistic hydrodynamics to kinetic particle transport. This switching entails the sampling of particles from the distribution of energy, momentum and…
I review recent measurements of a large set of flow observables associated with event-shape fluctuations and collective expansion in heavy ion collisions. First, these flow observables are classified and experiment methods are introduced.…
One of the most important experimental results for proton-proton scattering at the LHC is the observation of a so-called "ridge" structure in the two particle correlation function versus the pseudorapidity difference $\Delta\eta$ and the…
The large multiplicities at the LHC may permit flow harmonics to be determined on an event by event basis in Pb-Pb collisions. We extract these harmonics from event by event di-hadron correlations. Within a fine centrality bin, we find the…
Collisions of identical nuclei at finite impact parameter have an unequal number of participating nucleons from each nucleus due to fluctuations. The event-by-event fluctuations have been estimated by measuring the difference of energy in…
Within hydrodynamic approach, we study the Bose-Einstein correlation of identical pions by taking into account both event-by-event fluctuating initial conditions and continuous pion emission during the whole development of the hot and dense…