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Related papers: Balanced allocation: Memory performance tradeoffs

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We use the holonomic ansatz to estimate the asymptotic behavior, in $T$, of the average maximal number of balls in a bin that is obtained when one throws uniformly at random (without replacement) $r$ balls into $n$ bins, $T$ times. Our…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-05-24 Amir Behrouzi-Far , Doron Zeilberger

We estimate the size of a most loaded bin in the setting when the balls are placed into the bins using a random linear function in a finite field. The balls are chosen from a transformed interval. We show that in this setting the expected…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-01-05 Martin Babka

Recent research demonstrated that training large language models involves memorization of a significant fraction of training data. Such memorization can lead to privacy violations when training on sensitive user data and thus motivates the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Vitaly Feldman , Guy Kornowski , Xin Lyu

Cumulative memory -- the sum of space used per step over the duration of a computation -- is a fine-grained measure of time-space complexity that was introduced to analyze cryptographic applications like password hashing. It is a more…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Paul Beame , Niels Kornerup

Consider the following process whereby $n$ balls are distributed into $k$ bins. Repeatedly, a ball is removed from a non-empty bin chosen uniformly at random. The process ends when a single non-empty bin remains. Will Ma…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-02-16 Jose Correa , Marcos Kiwi , Vasilis Livanos , Eilon Solan , Ron Solan

In balanced allocations, the goal is to place $m$ balls into $n$ bins, so as to minimize the gap (difference of max to average load). The One-Choice process places each ball to a bin sampled independently and uniformly at random. The…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2023-04-24 Dimitrios Los , Thomas Sauerwald

Imagine that there are two bins to which balls are added sequentially, and each incoming ball joins a bin with probability proportional to the p-th power of the number of balls already there. A general result says that if p>1/2, there…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Roberto Oliveira , Joel Spencer

We consider the following balls-into-bins process with $n$ bins and $m$ balls: each ball is equipped with a mutually independent exponential clock of rate 1. Whenever a ball's clock rings, the ball samples a random bin and moves there if…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2017-07-03 Petra Berenbrink , Peter Kling , Christopher Liaw , Abbas Mehrabian

Bin packing is a classic optimization problem with a wide range of applications, from load balancing to supply chain management. In this work, we study the online variant of the problem, in which a sequence of items of various sizes must be…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Spyros Angelopoulos , Shahin Kamali , Kimia Shadkami

Allocation of balls into bins is a well studied abstraction for load balancing problems.The literature hosts numerous results for sequential(single dimensional) allocation case when m balls are thrown into n bins. In this paper we study the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2011-11-30 Ankur Narang , Sourav Dutta , Souvik Bhattacherjee

We propose a natural process for allocating n balls into n bins that are organized as the vertices of an undirected graph G. Each ball first chooses a vertex u in G uniformly at random. Then the ball performs a local search in G starting…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-07-10 Paul Bogdan , Thomas Sauerwald , Alexandre Stauffer , He Sun

We revisit the random allocation model in which $n$ balls are independently placed into $N$ boxes with probabilities $q_1,\ldots,q_N$. A classical asymptotic result due to Kolchin, Sevastyanov, and Chistyakov for the expectations,…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-04-28 Serik Sagitov

We consider a standard distributed optimisation setting where $N$ machines, each holding a $d$-dimensional function $f_i$, aim to jointly minimise the sum of the functions $\sum_{i = 1}^N f_i (x)$. This problem arises naturally in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-08 Dan Alistarh , Janne H. Korhonen

A single-player game of Memory is played with $n$ distinct pairs of cards, with the cards in each pair bearing identical pictures. The cards are laid face-down. A move consists of revealing two cards, chosen adaptively. If these cards…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2018-01-29 Amit Chakrabarti , Yining Chen

For fixed weights w_1,...,w_n, and for d>0, we let B denote a collection of d*n balls, with d balls of weight w_i for each i=1,...,n. We consider the problem of assigning the balls to n bins with capacities C_1,...,C_n, in such a way that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-09-06 Claudiu Raicu

Given $n$ colored balls, we want to detect if more than $\lfloor n/2\rfloor$ of them have the same color, and if so find one ball with such majority color. We are only allowed to choose two balls and compare their colors, and the goal is to…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-05-02 Paweł Gawrychowski , Jukka Suomela , Przemysław Uznański

We consider a memory allocation problem that can be modeled as a version of bin packing where items may be split, but each bin may contain at most two (parts of) items. A 3/2-approximation algorithm and an NP-hardness proof for this problem…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Leah Epstein , Rob van Stee

While load balancing in distributed-memory computing has been well-studied, we present an innovative approach to this problem: a unified, reduced-order model that combines three key components to describe "work" in a distributed system:…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-04-26 Jonathan Lifflander , Philippe P. Pebay , Nicole L. Slattengren , Pierre L. Pebay , Robert A. Pfeiffer , Joseph D. Kotulski , Sean T. McGovern

A fundamental problem in distributed computing is the distribution of requests to a set of uniform servers without a centralized controller. Classically, such problems are modeled as static balls into bins processes, where $m$ balls (tasks)…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2016-03-08 Petra Berenbrink , Tom Friedetzky , Peter Kling , Frederik Mallmann-Trenn , Lars Nagel , Chris Wastell

In a balls-in-bins process with feedback, balls are sequentially thrown into bins so that the probability that a bin with n balls obtains the next ball is proportional to f(n) for some function f. A commonly studied case where there are two…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Roberto Oliveira