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Graph pebbling is a game played on a connected graph G. A player purchases pebbles at a dollar a piece, and hands them to an adversary who distributes them among the vertices of G (called a configuration) and chooses a target vertex r. The…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2008-11-21 D. Curtis , T. Hines , G. Hurlbert , T. Moyer

Conway Checkers is a game played with a checker placed in each square of the lower half of an infinite checkerboard. Pieces move by jumping over an adjacent checker, removing the checker jumped over. Conway showed that it is not possible to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-05 Glenn Bruda , Joseph Cooper , Kareem Jaber , Raul Marquez , Steven J. Miller

The domination game is played on a graph $G$ by two players, Dominator and Staller, who alternate in selecting vertices until each vertex in the graph $G$ is contained in the closed neighbourhood of the set of selected vertices. Dominator's…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-02-08 Julien Portier , Leo Versteegen

We consider a new probabilistic graph searching game played on graphs, inspired by the familiar game of Cops and Robbers. In Zombies and Survivors, a set of zombies attempts to eat a lone survivor loose on a given graph. The zombies…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2015-03-31 Anthony Bonato , Dieter Mitsche , Xavier Pérez-Giménez , Paweł Prałat

A zero-one matrix $A$ contains another zero-one matrix $P$ if some submatrix of $A$ can be transformed to $P$ by changing some ones to zeros. $A$ avoids $P$ if $A$ does not contain $P$. The Pattern Avoidance Game is played by two players.…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2017-04-19 P. A. CrowdMath

We analyze the computational complexity of two 2-player games involving packing objects into a box. In the first game, players alternate drawing polycubes from a shared pile and placing them into an initially empty box in any available…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Oliver Korten

In the first part of the article using a direct calculation two-dimensional motion of a particle sliding on an inclined plane is investigated for general values of friction coefficient ($\mu$). A parametric equation for the trajectory of…

Classical Physics · Physics 2011-06-14 Cina Aghamohammadi , Amir Aghamohammadi

We study the computational complexity of distance games, a class of combinatorial games played on graphs. A move consists of colouring an uncoloured vertex subject to it not being at certain distances determined by two sets, D and S. D is…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2019-02-12 Kyle Burke , Silvia Heubach , Melissa Huggan , Svenja Huntemann

Avoidance games are games in which two players claim vertices of a hypergraph and try to avoid some structures. These games are studied since the introduction of the game of SIM in 1968, but only few complexity results are known on them. In…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-10-07 Valentin Gledel , Nacim Oijid

We study the complexity of a particular class of board games, which we call `slide and merge' games. Namely, we consider 2048 and Threes, which are among the most popular games of their type. In both games, the player is required to slide…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-01-19 Ahmed Abdelkader , Aditya Acharya , Philip Dasler

Combinatorial game theory (CGT), as introduced by Berlekamp, Conway and Guy, involves two players who move alternately in a perfect information, zero-sum game, and there are no chance devices. Also the games have the finite descent property…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-10-09 Melissa Huggan , Richard J. Nowakowski , Paul Ottaway

Moore's generalization of the game of {\sc Nim} is played as follows. Let $n$ and $k$ be two integers such that $1 \leq k \leq n$. Given $n$ piles of tokens, two players move alternately, removing tokens from at least one and at most $k$ of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-01-18 Endre Boros , Vladimir Gurvich , Nhan Bao Ho , Kazuhisa Makino , Peter Mursic

Poset games are a class of combinatorial game that remain unsolved. Soltys and Wilson proved that computing wining strategies is in \textbf{PSPACE} and aside from special cases such as Nim and N-Free games, \textbf{P} time algorithms for…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-01-26 Alexander Clow , Stephen Finbow

In many combinatorial games, one can prove that the first player wins under best play using a simple but non-constructive argument called strategy-stealing. This work is about the complexity behind these proofs: how hard is it to actually…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Greg Bodwin , Ofer Grossman

We establish relationships between various topological selection games involving the space of minimal usco maps with various topologies, including the topology of pointwise convergence and the topology of uniform convergence on compact…

General Topology · Mathematics 2024-02-01 Christopher Caruvana

We study two-player games with alternating moves played on infinite trees. Our main focus is on the case where the trees are full (regular) and the winning set is open (with respect to the product topology on the tree). Gale and Stewart…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-02-17 Dean Kraizberg

Subtraction games are a class of impartial combinatorial games whose positions correspond to nonnegative integers and whose moves correspond to subtracting one of a fixed set of numbers from the current position. Though they are easy to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-07-11 Nathan Fox

Consider a rooted Galton-Watson tree $T$, to each of whose edges we assign, independently, a weight that equals $+1$ with probability $p_{1}$, $0$ with probability $p_{0}$ and $-1$ with probability $p_{-1}=1-p_{1}-p_{0}$. We play a game on…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-01-16 Sayar Karmakar , Moumanti Podder , Souvik Roy , Soumyarup Sadhukhan

Stochastic two-player games model systems with an environment that is both adversarial and stochastic. The adversarial part of the environment is modeled by a player (Player 2) who tries to prevent the system (Player 1) from achieving its…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Laurent Doyen , Pranshu Gaba , Shibashis Guha

We present and analyze PackIt!, a turn-based game consisting of packing rectangles on an $n \times n$ grid. PackIt! can be easily played on paper, either as a competitive two-player game or in \emph{solitaire} fashion. On the $t$-th turn, a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-05-17 Thomas Garrison , Marijn J. H. Heule , Bernardo Subercaseaux