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We propose a consistent polynomial-time method for the unseeded node matching problem for networks with smooth underlying structures. Despite widely conjectured by the research community that the structured graph matching problem to be…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-08-24 Yuan Zhang

We study the interplay between embedding constrained planarity and hybrid planarity testing. We consider a constrained planarity testing problem, called 1-Fixed Constrained Planarity, and prove that this problem can be solved in quadratic…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-10-23 Giuseppe Liotta , Ignaz Rutter , Alessandra Tappini

A set $S$ of isometric paths of a graph $G$ is ``$v$-rooted'', where $v$ is a vertex of $G$, if $v$ is one of the endpoints of all the isometric paths in $S$. The isometric path complexity of a graph $G$, denoted by $ipco{G}$, is the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-09-03 Dibyayan Chakraborty , Jérémie Chalopin , Florent Foucaud , Yann Vaxès

Color refinement is a classical technique used to show that two given graphs G and H are non-isomorphic; it is very efficient, although it does not succeed on all graphs. We call a graph G amenable to color refinement if it succeeds in…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-05-05 V. Arvind , Johannes Köbler , Gaurav Rattan , Oleg Verbitsky

We consider a many-to-one variant of the stable matching problem. More concretely, we consider the variant of the stable matching problem where one side has a matroid constraint. Furthermore, we consider the situation where the preference…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-09-08 Naoyuki Kamiyama

We introduce ideas that complement the many known connections between polymatroids and graph coloring. Given a hypergraph that satisfies certain conditions, we construct polymatroids, given as rank functions, that can be written as sums of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-08-07 Joseph E. Bonin , Carolyn Chun

The clique-width is a measure of complexity of decomposing graphs into certain tree-like structures. The class of graphs with bounded clique-width contains bounded tree-width graphs. We give a polynomial time graph isomorphism algorithm for…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2016-04-29 Bireswar Das , Murali Krishna Enduri , I. Vinod Reddy

A theory of single-element extensions of integer polymatroids analogous to that of matroids is developed. We present an algorithm to generate a catalog of $2$-polymatroids, up to isomorphism. When we implemented this algorithm on a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-07-22 Thomas J. Savitsky

Motivated by the need for efficient isomorphism tests for finite groups, we present a polynomial-time method for deciding isomorphism within a class of groups that is well-suited to studying local properties of general finite groups. We…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2020-11-23 Peter A. Brooksbank , Joshua Maglione , James B. Wilson

Perfect Matching-Cut is the problem of deciding whether a graph has a perfect matching that contains an edge-cut. We show that this problem is NP-complete for planar graphs with maximum degree four, for planar graphs with girth five, for…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-11-01 Valentin Bouquet , Christophe Picouleau

Ordered matchings, defined as graphs with linearly ordered vertices, where each vertex is connected to exactly one edge, play a crucial role in the area of ordered graphs and their homomorphisms. Therefore, we consider related problems from…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Michal Čertík , Andreas Emil Feldmann , Jaroslav Nešetřil , Paweł Rzążewski

Fix a finite group $G$. We study the computational complexity of counting problems of the following flavor: given a group $\Gamma$, count the number of homomorphisms $\Gamma \to G$. Our first result establishes that this problem is…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2026-04-22 Eric Samperton , Armin Weiß

This paper introduces the Simultaneous assignment problem. Let us given a graph with a weight and a capacity function on its edges, and a set of its subgraphs along with a degree upper bound function for each of them. We are also given a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-01-24 Péter Madarasi

Let $\mathbf{f}=(f\_1,\ldots,f\_m)$ and $\mathbf{g}=(g\_1,\ldots,g\_m)$ be two sets of $m\geq 1$ nonlinear polynomials over $\mathbb{K}[x\_1,\ldots,x\_n]$ ($\mathbb{K}$ being a field). We consider the computational problem of finding -- if…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2016-08-11 Jérémy Berthomieu , Jean-Charles Faugère , Ludovic Perret

A {\em connectivity function} on a set $E$ is a function $\lambda:2^E\rightarrow \mathbb R$ such that $\lambda(\emptyset)=0$, that $\lambda(X)=\lambda(E-X)$ for all $X\subseteq E$, and that $\lambda(X\cap Y)+\lambda(X\cup Y)\leq…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-07-10 Nathan Bowler , Susan Jowett

Deciding whether a given graph has a square root is a classical problem that has been studied extensively both from graph theoretic and from algorithmic perspectives. The problem is NP-complete in general, and consequently substantial…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-10-09 Petr A. Golovach , Pinar Heggernes , Dieter Kratsch , Paloma T. Lima , Daniel Paulusma

In his pioneering paper on matroids in 1935, Whitney obtained a characterization for binary matroids and left a comment at end of the paper that the problem of characterizing graphic matroids is the same as that of characterizing matroids…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-07-18 Shamik Ghosh , Raibatak Sen Gupta , M. K. Sen

We investigate the following problem: Given two embeddings G_1 and G_2 of the same abstract graph G on an orientable surface S, decide whether G_1 and G_2 are isotopic; in other words, whether there exists a continuous family of embeddings…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2013-10-11 Éric Colin de Verdière , Arnaud de Mesmay

Let us be given two graphs $\Gamma_1$, $\Gamma_2$ of $n$ vertices. Are they isomorphic? If they are, the set of isomorphisms from $\Gamma_1$ to $\Gamma_2$ can be identified with a coset $H\cdot\pi$ inside the symmetric group on $n$…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2017-10-13 Harald Andrés Helfgott , Jitendra Bajpai , Daniele Dona

We prove that the extension complexity of the independence polytope of every regular matroid on $n$ elements is $O(n^6)$. Past results of Wong and Martin on extended formulations of the spanning tree polytope of a graph imply a $O(n^2)$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-12-23 Manuel Aprile , Samuel Fiorini