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We report three-dimensional laser microfabrication, which enables microstructuring of materials on the scale of 0.2-1 micrometers. The two different types of microfabrication demonstrated and discussed in this work are based on holographic…

We show that with the use of a short wavelength (520nm) femtosecond laser source, Two-Photon Polymerization (2PP) fabrication of micro-membrane designs with channel sizes down to 1 {\mu}m is possible, using commercial photopolymers OrmoComp…

Optics · Physics 2025-11-27 Vladimir Osipov , Alexander Dulebo , David J. Webb

3D printing allows rapid fabrication of complex objects from digital designs. One 3D-printing process, direct laser writing, polymerises a light-sensitive material by steering a focused laser beam through the shape of the object to be…

Additive manufacturing, also known as 3D printing, is an advanced manufacturing technique that allows the fabrication of arbitrary macroscopic and microscopic objects. All 3D printing systems require large optical elements or nozzles in…

The recent development of light-based 3D printing technologies has marked a turning point in additive manufacturing. Through photopolymerization, liquid resins can be solidified into complex objects. Usually, the polymerization is triggered…

3D printing technologies are currently enabling the fabrication of objects with complex architectures and tailored properties. In such framework, the production of 3D optical structures, which are typically based on optical transparent…

Applied Physics · Physics 2018-07-11 L. Persano , F. Cardarelli , A. Arinstein , S. Uttiya , E. Zussman , D. Pisignano , A. Camposeo

A microbubble is, in essence, a fully enclosed thin-walled microcavity. Unlike spherical microbubbles formed by expansions, 3D printing enables the free definition of their geometry, allowing precise control over shape and dimensions during…

Optics · Physics 2026-04-28 Sohail Khan , Zengbo Wang , Qingshan Yang , Liyang Yue

The use of individual multimode optical fibers in endoscopy applications has the potential to provide highly miniaturized and noninvasive probes for microscopy and optical micromanipulation. A few different strategies have been proposed…

3D printing has revolutionized numerous scientific fields and industries, with printing in biological systems emerging as a rapidly advancing area of research. However, its application to the subcellular level remains largely unexplored.…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-06-17 Marusa Mur , Aljaz Kavcic , Uros Jagodic , Rok Podlipec , Matjaz Humar

A simple and effective method to fabricate a high fill-factor triangular microlens array using the proximity printing in lithography process is reported. The technology utilizes the UV proximity printing by controlling a printing gap…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2008-12-18 T. -H. Lin , H. Yang , C. -K. Chao

The miniaturization of mechanical mechanisms is crucial to enable the development of compact, high-performance micromachines. However, the downscaling actuation of conventional gears and micromotors has remained limited by the inherent…

Modern imaging systems can be enhanced in efficiency, compactness, and application through introduction of multilayer nanopatterned structures for manipulation of light based on its fundamental properties. High transmission efficiency…

Photopolymerization-based additive manufacturing enables cost-effective, high-speed fabrication of complex 3D structures but is constrained by a trade-off between resolution and printing speed. Single-photon polymerization ensures rapid…

Optics · Physics 2026-01-21 Buse Unlu , Felix Wechsler , Ye Pu , Christophe Moser

Optical imaging technologies are central to discovery in the life and physical sciences, yet their impact depends on how readily they can be built, adapted, and sustained across laboratories. Digital fabrication, including desktop 3D…

Field-induced self-organized patterning in ultrathin (< 100 nm) polymer films produces resolutions of the order of 10 {\mu}m or more because of the high energy penalty for the surface deformations on small scales. We propose here a very…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2010-09-28 Ankur Verma , Ashutosh Sharma

Porous materials are relevant for a broad range of technologies from catalysis and filtration, to tissue engineering and lightweight structures. Controlling the porosity of these materials over multiple length scales often leads to enticing…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-08-10 Nicole Kleger , Clara Minas , Patrick Bosshard , Iacopo Mattich , Kunal Masania , André R. Studart

We report an ultrafast, parallel and beyond-the-master micro-patterning technique for ultrathin (30 nm-400 nm) non-absorbing polymer films by diffraction of a laser light through a two dimensional periodic aperture. The redistribution of…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2011-01-28 Ankur Verma , Ashutosh Sharma , Giridhar U. Kulkarni

Light-matter interactions in the deep ultraviolet (DUV) wavelength region exhibits a variety of optical effects such as luminescence, photoisomerization, and polymerization in many materials. Despite the rich photochemistry and high spatial…

Applied Physics · Physics 2019-11-12 Atsushi Taguchi , Atsushi Nakayama , Ryosuke Oketani , Satoshi Kawata , Katsumasa Fujita

One-photon or two photon absorption by dye molecules in photopolymers enable direct 2D & 3D lithography of micro/nano structures with high spatial resolution and can be used effectively in fabricating artificially structured nanomaterials.…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2016-09-09 Raghvendra P Chaudhary , Arun Jaiswal , Govind Ummethala , Suyog R Hawal , Sumit Saxena , Shobha Shukla

High-resolution lithographic techniques are often limited by low volumetric throughput, since there is no universal and scalable manufacturing process that can produce 3D metasurfaces. In this work, we demonstrate a high-speed holographic…

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