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Related papers: Walks with small steps in the quarter plane

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Two-dimensional (random) walks in cones are very natural both in combinatorics and probability theory: they are interesting for themselves and also because they are strongly related to other discrete structures. While walks restricted to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-11-07 Kilian Raschel , Amélie Trotignon

The enumeration of lattice paths in wedges poses unique mathematical challenges. These models are not translationally invariant, and the absence of this symmetry complicates both the derivation of a functional recurrence for the generating…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-11-11 E. J. Janse van Rensburg , T. Prellberg , A. Rechnitzer

Gessel's walks are the planar walks that move within the positive quadrant $\mathbb{Z}_{+}^{2}$ by unit steps in any of the following directions: West, North-East, East and South-West. In this paper, we find an explicit expression for the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-10-04 Irina Kurkova , Kilian Raschel

This article deals with the enumeration of directed lattice walks on the integers with any finite set of steps, starting at a given altitude $j$ and ending at a given altitude $k$, with additional constraints such as, for example, to never…

We continue the investigations of lattice walks in the three dimensional lattice restricted to the positive octant. We separate models which clearly have a D-finite generating function from models for which there is no reason to expect that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-11-19 Axel Bacher , Manuel Kauers , Rika Yatchak

We consider weighted small step walks in the positive quadrant, and provide algebraicity and differential transcendence results for the underlying generating functions: we prove that depending on the probabilities of allowed steps, certain…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-08-25 Thomas Dreyfus , Kilian Raschel

A method is described to count simple diagonal walks on $\mathbb{Z}^2$ with a fixed starting point and endpoint on one of the axes and a fixed winding angle around the origin. The method involves the decomposition of such walks into smaller…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-02-05 Timothy Budd

In the present paper, we use difference Galois theory to study the nature of the generating function counting walks with small steps in the quarter plane. These series are trivariate formal power series $Q(x,y,t)$ that count the number of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-10-22 Thomas Dreyfus , Charlotte Hardouin

Beaton, Owczarek and Xu (2019) studied generating functions of Kreweras walks and of reverse Kreweras walks in the quarter plane, with interacting boundaries. They proved that for the reverse Kreweras step set, the generating function is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-06-23 Alin Bostan , Manuel Kauers , Thibaut Verron

We present a computer-aided, yet fully rigorous, proof of Ira Gessel's tantalizingly simply-stated conjecture that the number of ways of walking $2n$ steps in the region $x+y \geq 0, y \geq 0$ of the square-lattice with unit steps in the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-05-13 Manuel Kauers , Christoph Koutschan , Doron Zeilberger

This paper is the first application of the compensation approach to counting problems. We discuss how this method can be applied to a general class of walks in the quarter plane $Z_{+}^{2}$ with a step set that is a subset of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-03-17 Ivo J. B. F. Adan , Johan S. H. van Leeuwaarden , Kilian Raschel

We consider Gessel walks in the plane starting at the origin $(0, 0)$ remaining in the first quadrant $i, j \geq 0$ and made of West, North-East, East and South-West steps. Let $F(m; n_1, n_2)$ denote the number of these walks with exact…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-03-03 Sun Ping

It is a classical result in combinatorics that among lattice paths with 2m steps U=(1,1) and D=(1,-1) starting at the origin, the number of those that do not go below the x-axis equals the number of those that end on the x-axis. A much more…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-06-09 Sergi Elizalde

We use Galois theory of difference equations to study the nature of the generating series of (weighted) walks in the quarter plane with genus zero kernel curve. Using this approach, we prove that the generating series do not satisfy any…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-11-06 Thomas Dreyfus , Charlotte Hardouin , Julien Roques , Michael F. Singer

We consider lattice walks in $\R^k$ confined to the region $0<x_1<x_2...<x_k$ with fixed (but arbitrary) starting and end points. The walks are required to be "reflectable", that is, we assume that the number of paths can be counted using…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-12-17 Thomas Feierl

The aim of this article is to introduce a unified method to obtain explicit integral representations of the trivariate generating function counting the walks with small steps which are confined to a quarter plane. For many models, this…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-05-16 Kilian Raschel

We interpret walks in the first quadrant with steps {(1,1),(1,0),(-1,0), (-1,-1)} as a generalization of Dyck words with two sets of letters. Using this language, we give a formal expression for the number of walks in the steps above…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-04-20 Arvind Ayyer

Consider a single walker on the slit plane, that is, the square grid Z^2 without its negative x-axis, who starts at the origin and takes his steps from a given set S. Mireille Bousquet-Melou conjectured that -- excluding pathological cases…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Martin Rubey

A growing self-avoiding walk (GSAW) is a walk on a graph that is directed, does not visit the same vertex twice, and has a trapped endpoint. We show that the generating function enumerating GSAWs on a half-infinite strip of finite height is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-17 Jay Pantone , Alexander R. Klotz , Everett Sullivan

We show that the series of all walks between any two vertices of any (possibly weighted) directed graph $\mathcal{G}$ is given by a universal continued fraction of finite depth and breadth involving the simple paths and simple cycles of…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2015-01-12 P. -L. Giscard , S. J. Thwaite , D. Jaksch