Related papers: 5 years of survey on the Crab Nebula with SPI/INTE…

Study of the Crab Nebula TeV emission variability during five years with ARGO-YBJ

The flaring activity of the Crab Nebula is one of the most puzzling phenomena of the gamma ray sky. The light curves in the energy range E >100 MeV show a high flux variability on time scales ranging from hours to weeks, with sharp emission…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-08-14 S. Vernetto

Gamma-ray flux depressions of the Crab nebula in the high-energy range

The giant gamma-ray flares of the Crab nebula discovered by AGILE and Fermi observatories came as a surprise and have challenged the existing models of pulsar wind nebulae. We have carried out an analysis of 10.5 years of Fermi-LAT…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-11-23 M. S. Pshirkov , B. A. Nizamov , A. M. Bykov , Yu. A. Uvarov

Broadband X-ray Imaging and Spectroscopy of the Crab Nebula and Pulsar with NuSTAR

We present broadband (3 -- 78 keV) NuSTAR X-ray imaging and spectroscopy of the Crab nebula and pulsar. We show that while the phase-averaged and spatially integrated nebula + pulsar spectrum is a power-law in this energy band, spatially…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-04-08 Kristin K. Madsen , Stephen Reynolds , Fiona Harrison , Hongjun An , Steven Boggs , Finn E. Christensen , William W. Craig , Chris L. Fryer , Brian W. Grefenstette , Charles J. Hailey , Craig Markwardt , Melania Nynka , Daniel Stern , Andreas Zoglauer , William Zhang

Searching for Variability of the Crab Nebula Flux at TeV Energies using MAGIC Very Large Zenith Angle Observations

The Crab nebula was once considered to be a stable source until strong flares, up to 30 times increase in flux, were observed in the MeV and GeV energy range by the AGILE and Fermi Gamma-ray Observatories. Existing nebula models often…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-09-11 Juliane van Scherpenberg , Razmik Mirzoyan , Ievgen Vovk , Michele Peresano , Darko Zarić , Petar Temnikov , Nikola Godinović , Jürgen Besenrieder

Anti-correlation between Flux and Photon Index of Hard X-ray Emission from The Crab

Using \textit{Swift} Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) event-mode data during Gamma Ray Burst (GRB) occurrences, we conducted spectral analysis for the Crab system. From 38 good observations, which spans over a period of 18 years from 2006 to…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-03-14 Koothodil Abhijith Augustine , Hsiang-Kuang Chang

The observation of the Crab Nebula with LHAASO-KM2A for the performance study

As a sub-array of the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO), KM2A is mainly designed to cover a large fraction of the northern sky to hunt for gamma-ray sources at energies above 10 TeV. Even though the detector construction…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-02-09 F. Aharonian , Q. An , Axikegu , L. X. Bai , Y. X. Bai , Y. W. Bao , D. Bastieri , X. J. Bi , Y. J. Bi , H. Cai , J. T. Cai , Z. Cao , Z. Cao , J. Chang , J. F. Chang , X. C. Chang , B. M. Chen , J. Chen , L. Chen , L. Chen , L. Chen , M. J. Chen , M. L. Chen , Q. H. Chen , S. H. Chen , S. Z. Chen , T. L. Chen , X. L. Chen , Y. Chen , N. Cheng , Y. D. Cheng , S. W. Cui , X. H. Cui , Y. D. Cui , B. Z. Dai , H. L. Dai , Z. G. Dai , Danzengluobu , D. della Volpe , B. D'Ettorre Piazzoli , X. J. Dong , J. H. Fan , Y. Z. Fan , Z. X. Fan , J. Fang , K. Fang , C. F. Feng , L. Feng , S. H. Feng , Y. L. Feng , B. Gao , C. D. Gao , Q. Gao , W. Gao , M. M. Ge , L. S. Geng , G. H. Gong , Q. B. Gou , M. H. Gu , J. G. Guo , X. L. Guo , Y. Q. Guo , Y. Y. Guo , Y. A. Han , H. H. He , H. N. He , J. C. He , S. L. He , X. B. He , Y. He , M. Heller , Y. K. Hor , C. Hou , X. Hou , H. B. Hu , S. Hu , S. C. Hu , X. J. Hu , D. H. Huang , Q. L. Huang , W. H. Huang , X. T. Huang , Z. C. Huang , F. Ji , X. L. Ji , H. Y. Jia , K. Jiang , Z. J. Jiang , C. Jin , D. Kuleshov , K. Levochkin , B. B. Li , C. Li , C. Li , F. Li , H. B. Li , H. C. Li , H. Y. Li , J. Li , K. Li , W. L. Li , X. Li , X. Li , X. R. Li , Y. Li , Y. Z. Li , Z. Li , Z. Li , E. W. Liang , Y. F. Liang , S. J. Lin , B. Liu , C. Liu , D. Liu , H. Liu , H. D. Liu , J. Liu , J. L. Liu , J. S. Liu , J. Y. Liu , M. Y. Liu , R. Y. Liu , S. M. Liu , W. Liu , Y. N. Liu , Z. X. Liu , W. J. Long , R. Lu , H. K. Lv , B. Q. Ma , L. L. Ma , X. H. Ma , J. R. Mao , A. Masood , W. Mitthumsiri , T. Montaruli , Y. C. Nan , B. Y. Pang , P. Pattarakijwanich , Z. Y. Pei , M. Y. Qi , D. Ruffolo , V. Rulev , A. Sáiz , L. Shao , O. Shchegolev , X. D. Sheng , J. R. Shi , H. C. Song , Yu. V. Stenkin , V. Stepanov , Q. N. Sun , X. N. Sun , Z. B. Sun , P. H. T. Tam , Z. B. Tang , W. W. Tian , B. D. Wang , C. Wang , H. Wang , H. G. Wang , J. C. Wang , J. S. Wang , L. P. Wang , L. Y. Wang , R. N. Wang , W. Wang , W. Wang , X. G. Wang , X. J. Wang , X. Y. Wang , Y. D. Wang , Y. J. Wang , Y. P. Wang , Z. Wang , Z. Wang , Z. H. Wang , Z. X. Wang , D. M. Wei , J. J. Wei , Y. J. Wei , T. Wen , C. Y. Wu , H. R. Wu , S. Wu , W. X. Wu , X. F. Wu , S. Q. Xi , J. Xia , J. J. Xia , G. M. Xiang , G. Xiao , H. B. Xiao , G. G. Xin , Y. L. Xin , Y. Xing , D. L. Xu , R. X. Xu , L. Xue , D. H. Yan , C. W. Yang , F. F. Yang , J. Y. Yang , L. L. Yang , M. J. Yang , R. Z. Yang , S. B. Yang , Y. H. Yao , Z. G. Yao , Y. M. Ye , L. Q. Yin , N. Yin , X. H. You , Z. Y. You , Y. H. Yu , Q. Yuan , H. D. Zeng , T. X. Zeng , W. Zeng , Z. K. Zeng , M. Zha , X. X. Zhai , B. B. Zhang , H. M. Zhang , H. Y. Zhang , J. L. Zhang , J. W. Zhang , L. Zhang , L. Zhang , L. X. Zhang , P. F. Zhang , P. P. Zhang , R. Zhang , S. R. Zhang , S. S. Zhang , X. Zhang , X. P. Zhang , Y. Zhang , Y. Zhang , Y. F. Zhang , Y. L. Zhang , B. Zhao , J. Zhao , L. Zhao , L. Z. Zhao , S. P. Zhao , F. Zheng , Y. Zheng , B. Zhou , H. Zhou , J. N. Zhou , P. Zhou , R. Zhou , X. X. Zhou , C. G. Zhu , F. R. Zhu , H. Zhu , K. J. Zhu , X. Zuo

The Radio - 2 mm Spectral Index of the Crab Nebula Measured with GISMO

We present results of 2 mm observations of the Crab Nebula, obtained using the Goddard-IRAM Superconducting 2 Millimeter Observer (GISMO) bolometer camera on the IRAM 30 m telescope. Additional 3.3 mm observations with the MUSTANG bolometer…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-27 R. G. Arendt , J. V. George , J. G. Staguhn , D. J. Benford , M. J. Devlin , S. R. Dicker , D. J. Fixsen , K. D. Irwin , C. A. Jhabvala , P. M. Korngut , A. Kovács , S. F. Maher , B. S. Mason , T. M. Miller , S. H. Moseley , S. Navarro , A. Sievers , J. L. Sievers , E. Sharp , E. J. Wollack

When A Standard Candle Flickers

The Crab Nebula is the only hard X-ray source in the sky that is both bright enough and steady enough to be easily used as a standard candle. As a result, it has been used as a normalization standard by most X-ray/gamma ray telescopes.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2011-02-04 Colleen A. Wilson-Hodge , Michael L. Cherry , Wayne H. Baumgartner , Elif Beklen , P. Narayana Bhat , Michael S. Briggs , Ascension Camero-Arranz , Gary L. Case , Vandiver Chaplin , Valerie Connaughton , Mark H. Finger , Neil Gehrels , Jochen Greiner , Keith Jahoda , Peter Jenke , R. Marc Kippen , Chryssa Kouveliotou , Hans A. Krimm , Erik Kuulkers , Charles A. Meegan , Lorenzo Natalucci , William S. Paciesas , Robert Preece , James C. Rodi , Nikolai Shaposhnikov , Gerald K. Skinner , Doug Swartz , Andreas von Kienlin , Roland Diehl , Xiao-Ling Zhang

Spectral Variation of the Hard X-ray Emission from the Crab Nebula with the Suzaku Hard X-ray Detector

The Crab Nebula is one of the brightest and most stable sources in the X-ray sky. Year-scale flux variation from the object was recently revealed in the hard X-ray band by four satellites. This marked the first detection of year-scale…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-15 Tomomi Kouzu , Makoto S. Tashiro , Yukikatsu Terada , Shin'ya Yamada , Aya Bamba , Teruaki Enoto , Koji Mori , Yasushi Fukazawa , Kazuo Makishima

The Crab nebula variability at short timescales with the Cherenkov Telescope Array

Since 2009, several rapid and bright flares have been observed at high energies (>100 MeV) from the direction of the Crab Nebula. Several hypotheses have been put forward to explain this phenomenon, but the origin is still unclear. The…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-10-11 Enrique Mestre , Emma de Ona Wilhelmi , Dmitry Khangulyan , Roberta Zanin , Fabio Acero , Diego F. Torres

Detection of UHE gamma rays from the Crab Nebula: Physical Implications

The Crab Nebula is an extreme particle accelerator boosting the energy of electrons up to a few PeV ($10^{15} \ \rm eV$), close to the maximum energy allowed by theory. The physical conditions in the acceleration site and the nature of the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-01-08 Dmitry Khangulyan , Masanori Arakawa , Felix Aharonian

The Crab Nebula Spectrum at ~100 TeV Measured with MAGIC under Very Large Zenith Angles

The Crab Nebula was discovered as the first very-high-energy gamma-ray source by the Whipple Observatory in 1989. Thirty years after its discovery it is still the reference source and the standard candle for Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-09-13 Michele Peresano , Razmik Mirzoyan , Ievgen Vovk , Petar Temnikov , Darko Zarić , Nikola Godinović , Juliane van Scherpenberg , Jüergen Besenrieder

The Crab Nebula super-flare in April 2011: extremely fast particle acceleration and gamma-ray emission

We report on the extremely intense and fast gamma-ray are above 100 MeV detected by AGILE from the Crab Nebula in mid-April 2011. This event is the fourth of a sequence of reported major gamma-ray flares produced by the Crab Nebula in the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-28 E. Striani , M. Tavani , G. Piano , I. Donnarumma , G. Pucella , V. Vittorini , A. Bulgarelli , A. Trois , C. Pittori , F. Verrecchia , E. Costa , M. Weisskopf , A. Tennant , A. Argan , G. Barbiellini , P. Caraveo , M Cardillo , P. W. Cattaneo , A. W. Chen , G. De Paris , E. Del Monte , G. Di Cocco , Y. Evangelista , A. Ferrari , M. Feroci , F. Fuschino , M. Galli , F. Gianotti , A. Giuliani , C. Labanti , I. Lapshov , F. Lazzarotto , F. Longo , M. Marisaldi , S. Mereghetti , A. Morselli , L. Pacciani , A. Pellizzoni , F. Perotti , P. Picozza , M. Pilia , M. Rapisarda , A. Rappoldi , S. Sabatini , P. Soffitta , M. Trifoglio , S. Vercellone , F. Lucarelli , P. Santolamazza , P. Giommi

Phase-resolved Crab pulsar measurements from 25 to 400 GeV with the MAGIC telescopes

We report on observations of the Crab pulsar with the MAGIC telescopes. Our data were taken in both monoscopic (> 25GeV) and stereoscopic (> 50GeV) observation modes. Two peaks were detected with both modes and phase-resolved energy spectra…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-08-15 S. Klepser , G. Giavitto , M. López , T. Y. Saito , T. Schweizer , I. Snidaric , R. Zanin

The Crab Nebula at 850 microns

Observations of the Crab Nebula at 850 micron made with the "Submillimetre Common-User Bolometer Array" (SCUBA) on the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope are presented. A variety of chop-throws and scanning directions was used in these…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 D. A. Green

Optical Spectrum of Main-, Inter- and Off-pulse Emission from Crab Pulsar

A dedicated stroboscopic device was used to obtain optical spectra of the Crab main-pulse and inter-pulse as well as the spectrum of the underlying nebula when the pulsar is turned off. As the nebular emission is very inhomogeneous, our…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Alberto Carraminana , Andrej Cadez , Tomaz Zwitter

Particle acceleration model for the broadband baseline spectrum of the Crab nebula

We develop a simple one-zone model of the steady-state Crab nebula spectrum encompassing both the radio/soft $X$-ray and the GeV/multi-TeV observations. By solving the transport equation for GeV-TeV electrons injected at the wind…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-09-06 Federico Fraschetti , Martin Pohl

Discovery of Powerful Gamma-Ray Flares from the Crab Nebula

The well known Crab Nebula is at the center of the SN1054 supernova remnant. It consists of a rotationally-powered pulsar interacting with a surrounding nebula through a relativistic particle wind. The emissions originating from the pulsar…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2011-01-13 M. Tavani , A. Bulgarelli , V. Vittorini , A. Pellizzoni , E. Striani , P. Caraveo , M. C. Weisskopf , A. Tennant , G. Pucella , A. Trois , E. Costa , Y. Evangelista , C. Pittori , F. Verrecchia , E. Del Monte , R. Campana , M. Pilia , A. De Luca , I. Donnarumma , D. Horns , C. Ferrigno , C. O. Heinke , M. Trifoglio , F. Gianotti , S. Vercellone , A. Argan , G. Barbiellini , P. W. Cattaneo , A. W. Chen , T. Contessi , F. D'Ammando , G. DeParis , G. Di Cocco , G. Di Persio , M. Feroci , A. Ferrari , M. Galli , A. Giuliani , M. Giusti , C. Labanti , I. Lapshov , F. Lazzarotto , P. Lipari , F. Longo , F. Fuschino , M. Marisaldi , S. Mereghetti , E. Morelli , E. Moretti , A. Morselli , L. Pacciani , F. Perotti , G. Piano , P. Picozza , M. Prest , M. Rapisarda , A. Rappoldi , A. Rubini , S. Sabatini , P. Soffitta , E. Vallazza , A. Zambra , D. Zanello , F. Lucarelli , P. Santolamazza , P. Giommi , L. Salotti , G. F. Bignami

The Crab Nebula at 1.3 mm: evidence for a new synchrotron component

We present the results of 1.3 mm observations of the Crab Nebula, performed with the MPIfR bolometer arrays at the IRAM 30-m telescope. The maps obtained, of unprecedented quality at these wavelengths, allow a direct comparison with…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Rino Bandiera , Roberto Neri , Riccardo Cesaroni

Observations of the Crab Nebula with MACE (Major Atmospheric Cherenkov Experiment)

The Major Atmospheric Cherenkov Experiment (MACE) is a large size (21m) Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescope (IACT) installed at an altitude of 4270m above sea level at Hanle, Ladakh in northern India. Here we report the detection of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-04-03 Borwankar C. , Sharma M. , Hariharan J. , Venugopal K. , Godambe S. , Mankuzhyil N. , Chandra P. , Khurana M. , Pathania A. , Chouhan N. , Dhar V. K. , Thubstan R. , Norlha S. , Keshavananda , Sarkar D. , Dar Z. A. , Kotwal S. V. , Godiyal S. , Kushwaha C. P. , Singh K. K. , Das M. P. , Tolamatti A. , Ghosal B. , Chanchalani K. , Pandey P. , Bhatt N. , Bhattcharyya S. , Sahayanathan S. , Koul M. K. , Dorjey P. , Dorji N. , Chitnis V. R. , Tickoo A. K. , Rannot R. C. , Yadav K. K