Related papers: Fermat's principle with complex refractive indices…
This paper presents investigations on the generalized laws of refraction and reflection for metasurfaces made of diffractive elements. It introduces a phenomenological model that reproduces all the features of the experiments dedicated to…
A modulation of refractive index can move at the speed of light. How it interacts with an electromagnetic wave? Does it reflect? We show that an incident electromagnetic wave, depending on its frequency either is totally transmitted with a…
Snell's law dictates the phenomenon of light refraction at the interface between two media. Here, we demonstrate arbitrary programming of light refraction through an engineered material where the direction of the output wave can be set…
We consider waves travelling in two different mediums each endowed with a different constant speed of propagation. At the interface between the two mediums, the refraction of the rays of the optic geometry is described by the…
We have derived the relationship between the radial proper distance, h, and the polar angle, phi, for a light ray that is emitted and travels in the neighborhood of the Earth's surface. General relativity predicts that, even locally, the…
The Fermat principle is used to define trajectories in nonhomogenous optical media. The Poincare model of the Lobachevskii geometry is derived. The index of refraction is determined for the light confined in the circular trajectory in the…
The present work shows that through a suitable change of variables relativistic dynamics can be mapped to light propagation in a non-homogeneous medium. A particle's trajectory through the modified space-time is thus formally equivalent to…
We postulate the applicability of the general form-invariance principle in special relativity. It is shown that this principle holds in classical mechanics. Some examples of transformations between the reference frames which satisfy this…
We study the problem of constructing an optical surface separating two homogeneous, isotropic media, one of which has a negative refractive index. In doing so, we develop a vector form of Snell's law, which is used to study surfaces…
The theory of specular X-ray reflectivity from a rough interface based upon the reflection function method (RFM) is proposed. The RFM transforms the second order differential equation for the wave amplitude into the non-linear first order…
The Fresnel-Snell law, which is one of the fundamental laws in optics and gives insights on the behaviour of light at interfaces, is violated if there exists dissipation in the transmitting media. In order to overcome this problem, we…
We consider a linearly polarized electromagnetic wave incident on an opaque screen with square aperture of edge a. An application of Faraday's law to a loop parallel to the screen, on the side away from the source, shows that the wave must…
Light propagating in a moving medium with refractive index other than unity is subject to light drag. While the light drag effect due to the linear refractive index is often negligibly small, it can be enhanced in materials with a large…
The effect of currents of mass on bending of light rays is considered in the weak field regime. Following Fermat's principle and the standard theory of gravitational lensing, we derive the gravitomagnetic correction to time delay function…
A unique perspective approach based on an analogy method is presented to solve the ray equation in a model of a continuous inhomogeneous medium, which has a spherically symmetric distribution. Basically, in the standard undergraduate…
We apply Perlick's (1990a) rigorous formulation of the Fermat principle in arbitrary spacetimes to prove the correctness of the description of gravitational lensing by gravitational waves, given in the literature using the scalar and vector…
The physical deflection angle of a light ray propagating in a space-time supplied with an asymptotically flat metric has to be expressed in terms of the impact parameter.
We investigate the motion of a massive particle constrained to move along a path consisting of two line segments on a vertical plane under an arbitrary conservative force. By fixing the starting and end points of the track and varying the…
The optical refractive index of a moving regular medium is calculated by using the Lorentz transformation in this note. It is shown that in some velocity region of medium moving relative to the initial frame K, the moving medium may possess…
We have presented a new general function photonic crystals (GFPCs), which refractive index is a function of space position. Based on Fermat principle, we achieve the motion equations of light in one-dimensional general function photonic…