Related papers: Fermat's principle with complex refractive indices…
The five-layer nanorod-mediated surface plasmon sensor with inhomogeneous liquid crystal layer was theoretically investigated. The reflectance as the function of the incident angle was calculated at different voltages applied to the liquid…
We present a sheet structure that rotates the local ray direction through an arbitrary angle around the sheet normal. The sheet structure consists of two parallel Dove-prism sheets, each of which flips one component of the local direction…
A light ray in space is characterized by two vectors: (i) a transverse spatial-vector associated with the point where the ray intersects a given spherical cap; (ii) an angular-frequency vector which defines the ray direction of propagation.…
The properties of light in the presence of electromagnetic and gravitational fields are compared. Once one takes account of the fact that clock rates vary with distance from a massive object, it is argued that in an absolute sense light…
Electromagnetic wave is reflected and refracted at interfaces, satisfying Fresnel-Snell law which is required by conservations of energy and momentum. If the incident angle is lower than the critical angle, we can use this Fresnel-Snell…
This paper describes the spherical concave mirror method for measuring the index of refraction of transparent liquids. We derived the refractive index equation using Snell's law and the small-angle approximation. We also verified the…
In this paper we use a general version of Fermat's principle for light rays in General Relativity and a curve shortening method to write the Morse relations for light rays joining an event with a smooth timelike curve in a Lorentzian…
In this paper, we discuss how the concepts of Hamiltonian optics are internally connected to the scalar wave theory of light rays. It is shown that the solutions of the reduced wave equation are similar to Huygen's wavelets, and they can be…
Fermat's principle applied to a flat metric in the plane yields the phase of a Bessel function in the periodic domain for a constant index of refraction. Gravitational forces cause the index of refraction to vary and lead to a modified…
The influence of the relativistic motion of the reference frame on the light reflection law is investigated. The method is based on applying the relativistic aberration affect for three light signals: incident, normal and reflected rays.…
The influence of the medium on the gravitational deflection of light rays is widely discussed in literature for the simplest non-trivial case: cold non-magnetized plasma. In this article, we generalize these studies to the case of an…
We extended a previous study of the Eaton lens at specific refraction angles to the Eaton lens at any refraction angle. The refractive index of the Eaton lens is complicated and has not analytical form except at a few specific angles. We…
Fermat's principle and variational analysis is used to analyze the trajectories of light propagating in a radially inhomogeneous medium with a singularity in the center. It is found that the light trajectories are similar to those around a…
We derived the analytical forms of refractive index and Snell law for dipolar-exchange spin waves of reflection and refraction at a magnetically heterogeneous interface in a geometrically confined planer structure composed of different…
We show existence of interfaces between two anisotropic materials so that light is refracted in accordance with a given pattern of energy. To do this we formulate a vector Snell law for anisotropic media when the wave fronts are given by…
We derive the reflection and refraction laws for an electron spin incident from a quasi-two-dimensional medium with no spin-orbit interaction on another with both Rashba and Dresselhaus spin-orbit interaction using only energy conservation.…
Interactions incorporating the vacuum polarization effects in curved backgrounds modify the null cone structure in such a way that the photon trajectories would not be the space-time geodesics anymore. The gravitational birefringence…
We report the observation of the magnetic field induced circular differential deflection of light at the interface of a Faraday medium. The difference in the angles of refraction or reflection between the two circular polarization…
We developed a formula for the law of reflection of a plane-polarized light beam from an inclined flat mirror in uniform rectilinear motion by a direct application of the Huygens-Fresnel principle. Applying the obtained formula and the…
Light refraction, i.e. the bending of the path of a light wave at the interface between two different dielectric media, is ubiquitous in optics. Refraction arises from the different speed of light and is unavoidable in continuous media…