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In this paper, we present exploitability descent, a new algorithm to compute approximate equilibria in two-player zero-sum extensive-form games with imperfect information, by direct policy optimization against worst-case opponents. We prove…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-06-15 Edward Lockhart , Marc Lanctot , Julien Pérolat , Jean-Baptiste Lespiau , Dustin Morrill , Finbarr Timbers , Karl Tuyls

Probabilistic timed automata are a suitable formalism to model systems with real-time, nondeterministic and probabilistic behaviour. We study two-player zero-sum games on such automata where the objective of the game is specified as the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-04-18 Vojtěch Forejt , Marta Kwiatkowska , Gethin Norman , Ashutosh Trivedi

Reach-avoid differential games play an important role in collision avoidance, motion planning and control of aircrafts, and related applications. The central problem is the computation of the set of initial states from which the ego player…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-08-06 Bai Xue , Qiuye Wang , Naijun Zhan , Martin Fränzle , Shenghua Feng

In mean-payoff games, the objective of the protagonist is to ensure that the limit average of an infinite sequence of numeric weights is nonnegative. In energy games, the objective is to ensure that the running sum of weights is always…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2012-09-17 Yaron Velner , Krishnendu Chatterjee , Laurent Doyen , Thomas A. Henzinger , Alexander Rabinovich , Jean-Francois Raskin

Mean-payoff games on timed automata are played on the infinite weighted graph of configurations of priced timed automata between two players, Player Min and Player Max, by moving a token along the states of the graph to form an infinite…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-01-16 Shibashis Guha , Marcin Jurdzinski , Krishna S. , Ashutosh Trivedi

Fraud is ubiquitous across applications and involve users bypassing the rule of law, often with the strategic aim of obtaining some benefit that would otherwise be unattainable within the bounds of lawful conduct. However, user fraud can be…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-08-16 Devansh Jalota , Michael Ostrovsky , Marco Pavone

We study the problem of computing optimal correlated equilibria (CEs) in infinite-horizon multi-player stochastic games, where correlation signals are provided over time. In this setting, optimal CEs require history-dependent policies; this…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Jiarui Gan , Rupak Majumdar

Many problems in compositional synthesis and verification of multi-agent systems -- such as rational verification and assume-guarantee verification in probabilistic systems -- reduce to reasoning about two-player multi-objective stochastic…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Moritz Graf , Anthony Lin , Rupak Majumdar

In two-player zero-sum stochastic games, where two competing players make decisions under uncertainty, a pair of optimal strategies is traditionally described by Nash equilibrium and computed under the assumption that the players have…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-07-30 Yagiz Savas , Mohamadreza Ahmadi , Takashi Tanaka , Ufuk Topcu

We investigate zero-sum turn-based two-player stochastic games in which the objective of one player is to maximize the amount of rewards obtained during a play, while the other aims at minimizing it. We focus on games in which the minimizer…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-05-20 Pablo F. Castro , Pedro R. D'Argenio , Luciano Putruele , Ramiro Demasi

We develop value iteration-based algorithms to solve in a unified manner different classes of combinatorial zero-sum games with mean-payoff type rewards. These algorithms rely on an oracle, evaluating the dynamic programming operator up to…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Xavier Allamigeon , Stéphane Gaubert , Ricardo D. Katz , Mateusz Skomra

Symmetric strategy improvement is an algorithm introduced by Schewe et al. (ICALP 2015) that can be used to solve two-player games on directed graphs such as parity games and mean payoff games. In contrast to the usual well-known strategy…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Tom van Dijk , Georg Loho , Matthew Maat

Infinitely repeated games support equilibrium concepts beyond those present in one-shot games (e.g., cooperation in the prisoner's dilemma). Nonetheless, repeated games fail to capture our real-world intuition for settings with many…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Henry Fleischmann , Kiriaki Fragkia , Ratip Emin Berker

This paper presents a payoff perturbation technique, introducing a strong convexity to players' payoff functions in games. This technique is specifically designed for first-order methods to achieve last-iterate convergence in games where…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Kenshi Abe , Mitsuki Sakamoto , Kaito Ariu , Atsushi Iwasaki

Consider a very simple class of (finite) games: after an initial move by nature, each player makes one move. Moreover, the players have common interests: at each node, all the players get the same payoff. We show that the problem of…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Francis Chu , Joseph Y. Halpern

This paper considers a time-varying game with $N$ players. Every time slot, players observe their own random events and then take a control action. The events and control actions affect the individual utilities earned by each player. The…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2014-02-04 Michael J. Neely

In this paper, we establish a zero-sum, hybrid state stochastic game model for designing defense policies for cyber-physical systems against different types of attacks. With the increasingly integrated properties of cyber-physical systems…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2017-10-03 Fei Miao , Quanyan Zhu , Miroslav Pajic , George J. Pappas

Parity games have witnessed several new quasi-polynomial algorithms since the breakthrough result of Calude et al. (STOC 2017). The combinatorial object underlying these approaches is a universal tree, as identified by Czerwi\'nski et al.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Zhuan Khye Koh , Georg Loho

In communication systems where users share common resources, users' selfish behavior usually results in suboptimal resource utilization. There have been extensive works that model communication systems with selfish users as one-shot games…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2011-11-11 Yuanzhang Xiao , Jaeok Park , Mihaela van der Schaar

Infinite games where several players seek to coordinate under imperfect information are known to be intractable, unless the information flow is severely restricted. Examples of undecidable cases typically feature a situation where players…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2014-05-01 Dietmar Berwanger , Anup Basil Mathew