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The fields of quantum non-locality in physics, and causal discovery in machine learning, both face the problem of deciding whether observed data is compatible with a presumed causal relationship between the variables (for example a local…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-06-02 Rafael Chaves , Lukas Luft , David Gross

In this article we explore ideas from quantum entanglement which can be meaningfully formulated and tested in the collider environment. We propose Bell-type inequalities as operator-level diagnostics of quantum incompatibility in…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-01-01 Corbin Pacheco , Nausheen R. Shah

Noncommuting observables cannot be simultaneously measured, however, under local hidden variable models, they must simultaneously hold premeasurement values, implying the existence of a joint probability distribution. We study the joint…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-05-30 Omar E. Gamel , Graham R. Fleming

When three or more particles are considered, quantum correlations can be stronger than the correlations generated by so-called hybrid local hidden variable models, where some of the particles are considered as a single block inside which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-13 Fabian Bernards , Otfried Gühne

Recent experiments to test Bell's inequality using entangled photons and ions aimed at tests of basic quantum mechanical principles. Interesting results have been obtained and many loopholes could be closed. In this paper we want to point…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 Dimitris G. Angelakis , Almut Beige , Peter L. Knight , William J. Munro , Ben Tregenna

Nonlocal nature apparently shown in entanglement is one of the most striking features of quantum theory. We examine the locality assumption in Bell-type proofs for entangled qubits, i.e. the outcome of a qubit at one end is independent of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-03-23 Daegene Song

The creation and detection of entanglement in solid state electronics is of fundamental importance for quantum information processing. We prove that second-order quantum correlations can be always interpreted classically and propose a…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2011-03-22 Adam Bednorz , Wolfgang Belzig

Characterizing the set of all Bell inequalities is a notably hard task. An insightful method of solving it in case of Bell correlation inequalities for scenarios with two dichotomic measurements per site - for arbitrary number of parties -…

While the interest in multipartite nonlocality has grown in recent years, its existence in large quantum systems is difficult to confirm experimentally. This is mostly due to the inadequacy of standard multipartite Bell inequalities to…

For a multipartite correlation experiment with an arbitrary number of settings and any spectral type of outcomes at each site, we introduce a single general representation incorporating in a unique manner all Bell-type inequalities for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-11-19 Elena R. Loubenets

We explore the phenomenology of quantum entanglement at collider experiments by computing the polarization density matrix of processes yielding two massive gauge bosons. After reviewing the formalism, we detail observables suitable to test…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-05-16 Luca Marzola

Energy-time entangled biphoton source plays a great role in quantum communication, quantum metrology and quantum cryptography due to its strong temporal correlation and capability of nonlocal dispersion cancellation. As a quantum effect,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-11-06 Baihong Li , Feiyan Hou , Runai Quan , Ruifang Dong , Lixing You , Hao Li , Xiao Xiang , Tao Liu , Shougang Zhang

Some temporal Bell inequalities are deduced under the assumption of realism and perfect correlation. No locality condition is needed. When the system is macroscopic, the perfect correlation assumption substitutes the noninvasive…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Ramon Lapiedra

Quantum theory allows for correlations between the outcomes of distant measurements that are inconsistent with any locally causal theory, as demonstrated by the violation of a Bell inequality. Typical demonstrations of these correlations…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-02-08 Joel J. Wallman , Stephen D. Bartlett

We show that for two-qubit chained Bell inequalities with an arbitrary number of measurement settings, nonlocality and entanglement are not only different properties but are inversely related. Specifically, we analytically prove that in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-01-08 G. Vallone , G. Lima , E. S. Gómez , G. Cañas , J. -A. Larsson , P. Mataloni , A. Cabello

An experimental test of Bell's inequality allows ruling out any local-realistic description of nature by measuring correlations between distant systems. While such tests are conceptually simple, there are strict requirements concerning the…

We report a single-neutron optical experiment to demonstrate the violation of a Bell-like inequality. Entanglement is achieved not between particles, but between the degrees of freedom, in this case, for a single-particle. The spin-{\small…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Yuji Hasegawa , Rudolf Loidl , Gerald Badurek , Matthias Baron , Helmut Rauch

According to the Bell theorem, local hidden variable theories cannot reproduce all the predictions of quantum mechanics. An important consequence is that under physically reasonable assumptions quantum mechanics predicts correlations that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-04-07 Frederick H. Willeboordse

Bell inequalities are mathematical constructs that demarcate the boundary between quantum and classical physics. A new class of multiplicative Bell inequalities originating from a volume maximization game (based on products of correlators…

The precision with which we can measure operators that do not commute with conserved quantities is limited by the need to preserve the associated global symmetries. We show how to construct a local hidden-variable model that violates Bell…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-11 Alejandro J. Garza , Jonte R. Hance