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According to the quantum de Finetti theorem, if the state of an N-partite system is invariant under permutations of the subsystems then it can be approximated by a state where almost all subsystems are identical copies of each other,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-03-19 Renato Renner , J. Ignacio Cirac

We propose several methods for quantum key distribution (QKD) based upon the generation and transmission of random distributions of coherent or squeezed states, and we show that they are are secure against individual eavesdropping attacks.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-08 Frédéric Grosshans , Philippe Grangier

Discrete-Modulated (DM) Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution (CV-QKD) protocols are promising candidates for commercial implementations of quantum communication networks due to their experimental simplicity. While tight security…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-13 Florian Kanitschar , Ian George , Jie Lin , Twesh Upadhyaya , Norbert Lütkenhaus

We propose various new techniques in quantum information theory, including a de Finetti style representation theorem for finite symmetric quantum states. As an application, we give a proof for the security of quantum key distribution which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Renato Renner

The work by Christandl, K\"onig and Renner [Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 020504 (2009)] provides in particular the possibility of studying unconditional security in the finite-key regime for all discrete-variable protocols. We spell out this bound…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-02-02 Lana Sheridan , Thinh Phuc Le , Valerio Scarani

Measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI-QKD) is immune to all the detection attacks; thus when it is combined with the decoy-state method, the final key is unconditionally secure, even if a practical weak coherent…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-06-19 Shi-Hai Sun , Ming Gao , Chun-Yan Li , Lin-Mei Liang

We introduce a constructive method to calculate the achievable secret key rate for a generic class of quantum key distribution protocols, when only a finite number n of signals is given. Our approach is applicable to all scenarios in which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Tim Meyer , Hermann Kampermann , Matthias Kleinmann , Dagmar Bruss

Quantum key distribution (QKD) can share an unconditional secure key between two remote parties, but the deviation between theory and practice will break the security of the generated key. In this paper, we evaluate the security of QKD with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-10-26 Shi-Hai Sun , Zhi-Yu Tian , Mei-Sheng Zhao , Yan Ma

In this paper we present finite-key security analysis for quantum key distribution protocol based on weak coherent (in particular phase-coded) states using a fully quantum asymptotic equipartition property technique. This work is the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-03-12 Anton Kozubov , Andrei Gaidash , George Miroshnichenko

Employing the fundamental laws of quantum physics, Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) promises the unconditionally secure distribution of cryptographic keys. However, in practical realisations, a QKD protocol is only secure, when the quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-12-07 Muhammad Mubashir Khan , Jie Xu , Almut Beige

Quantum key distribution (QKD) seeks to provide a method of generating cryptographically-secure keys between remote parties while guaranteeing unconditional security. Implementations of high-dimensional QKD using dispersive-optics (DO-QKD)…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-15 Ariel Shlosberg , Alex Kwiatkowski , Akira Kyle , Graeme Smith

Establishing the security of continuous-variable quantum key distribution against general attacks in a realistic finite-size regime is an outstanding open problem in the field of theoretical quantum cryptography if we restrict our attention…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-05-17 Anthony Leverrier

In a deterministic quantum key distribution (DQKD) protocol with a two-way quantum channel, Bob sends a qubit to Alice who then encodes a key bit onto the qubit and sends it back to Bob. After measuring the returned qubit, Bob can obtain…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-11-02 Hua Lu , Chi-Hang Fred Fung , Xiongfeng Ma , Qing-yu Cai

Due to its ability to tolerate high channel loss, decoy-state quantum key distribution (QKD) has been one of the main focuses within the QKD community. Notably, several experimental groups have demonstrated that it is secure and feasible…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-02-12 Charles Ci Wen Lim , Marcos Curty , Nino Walenta , Feihu Xu , Hugo Zbinden

We prove the security of Gaussian continuous-variable quantum key distribution against arbitrary attacks in the finite-size regime. The novelty of our proof is to consider symmetries of quantum key distribution in phase space in order to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-01-29 Anthony Leverrier , Raúl García-Patrón , Renato Renner , Nicolas J. Cerf

In this Paper, we investigate the security of Zhang, Li and Guo quantum key distribution via quantum encryption protocol [$\text{Phys. Rev. A} \textbf{64}, 24302 (2001)$] and show that it is not secure against some of Eve's attacks and with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. Fahmi

Proving the unconditional security of a quantum key distribution (QKD) scheme is a highly challenging task as one needs to determine the most efficient attack compatible with experimental data. This task is even more demanding for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-03-15 Anthony Leverrier , Evgueni Karpov , Philippe Grangier , Nicolas J. Cerf

High-dimensional (HD) states are known to have several interesting properties when applied to quantum cryptography. For quantum key distribution (QKD), these states have the potential to improve noise tolerance and efficiency. However,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-09 Hasan Iqbal , Walter O. Krawec

Practical implementations of Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) extending beyond urban areas commonly use satellite links. However, the transmission of quantum states through the Earth's atmosphere is highly susceptible to noise, restricting…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-20 Florian Kanitschar , Marcus Huber

We provide a security analysis for continuous variable quantum key distribution protocols based on the transmission of squeezed vacuum states measured via homodyne detection. We employ a version of the entropic uncertainty relation for…

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