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Half or more of stars more massive than our Sun are orbited by a companion star in a binary system. Many binaries have short enough orbits that the evolution of both stars is greatly altered by an exchange of mass and angular momentum…
The rise in chronic diseases over the last century presents a significant health and economic burden globally. Here we apply evolutionary medicine and life history theory to better understand their development. We highlight an imbalanced…
Tuberculosis (TB) is a major global health challenge, and is compounded by co-morbidities such as HIV, diabetes, and anemia, which complicate treatment outcomes and contribute to heterogeneous patient responses. Traditional models of TB…
Maternal obesity is associated with increased risk of diabetes, cardiovascular disease and hypertension in adult offspring. Midlife hypercholesterolemia and hypertension are risk factors for Alzheimer's disease, suggesting that the ageing…
Thyrotoxicosis (TT) is associated with an increase in both total and cardiovascu-lar mortality. One of the main thyrotoxicosis risks is Atrial Fibrillation (AF). Right AF predicts help medical personal prescribe the correct medicaments and…
Retinoic acid receptor (RAR) is a ligand-dependent transcription factor that regulates the expression of genes involved in cell growth, differentiation, and development. Binding of the retinoic acid hormone to RAR is accompanied by…
Diabetes Mellitus has no permanent cure to date and is one of the leading causes of death globally. The alarming increase in diabetes calls for the need to take precautionary measures to avoid/predict the occurrence of diabetes. This paper…
Motivated by the prohibitive computational cost of producing adiabatic extreme mass ratio inspirals, we explain how a judicious use of resonant orbits can dramatically expedite both that calculation and the generation of snapshot…
A random graph model with prescribed degree distribution and degree dependent edge weights is introduced. Each vertex is independently equipped with a random number of half-edges and each half-edge is assigned an integer valued weight…
Strabismus can be found in association with congenital heart diseases, for examples, in velocardiofacial (DiGeorge) syndrome, Down syndrome, mild dysmorphic features, in CHARGE association, Turner syndrome, Ullrich-Turner syndrome,…
In this research, an attention-based depthwise separable neural network with Bayesian optimization (ADSNN-BO) is proposed to detect and classify rice disease from rice leaf images. Rice diseases frequently result in 20 to 40 \% corp…
Despite its historical and biological stability, the sex ratio at birth (SRB) has risen in parts of the world in the last several decades. The resultant demographic consequences, mostly on sex imbalance, are well documented, typically…
Testing symptomatic individuals for a disease can deliver treatment resources, if tests' results turn positive, which speeds up their treatment and might also decrease individuals' contacts to other ones. An imperfect test, however, might…
The BReast CAncer type 2 susceptibility protein (BRCA2) responds to DNA damage by participating in homology-directed repair. BRCA2 deficiency culminates in defective DNA damage repair (DDR) that when prolonged leads to the accumulation of…
In the last decades, the interest to understand the connection between brain and body has grown notably. For example, in psychoneuroimmunology many studies associate stress, arising from many different sources and situations, to changes in…
Suppose, contrary to fact, in 1950, we had put the cohort of 18 year old non-smoking American men on a stringent mandatory diet that guaranteed that no one would ever weigh more than their baseline weight established at age 18. How would…
Decades after their initial observation in prion-infected brain tissues, the identities of virus-like dense particles, varicose tubules, and oval bodies containing parallel bands and fibrils have remained elusive. Our recent work revealed…
Identifying shared genetic risk factors for multiple measured traits has been of great interest in studying complex disorders. Marlow's (2003) method for detecting shared gene effects on complex traits has been highly influential in the…
We propose a diffuse interface model to describe tumor as a multicomponent deformable porous medium. We include mechanical effects in the model by coupling the mass balance equations for the tumor species and the nutrient dynamics to a…
As the past decade barely dawned, a fundamentally novel view of cancer relating to signal transduction through intracellular hormones/growth factors and their subunits began to unfold. Further along, it gained additional substance with the…