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Quantum key distribution (QKD) promises provably secure communications. In order to improve the secret key rate, combining a biased basis choice with the decoy-state method is proposed. Concomitantly, there is a basis-independent detection…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-11 Hua-Lei Yin , Peng Liu , Wei-Wei Dai , Zhao-Hui Ci , Jie Gu , Tian Gao , Qiang-Wei Wang , Zi-Yao Shen

The decoy-state Bennett-Brassard 1984 (BB84) quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol is widely regarded as the de facto standard for practical implementations. On the receiver side, passive basis choice is attractive because it…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-27 Akihiro Mizutani , Shun Kawakami , Go Kato

We report the security analysis of time-coding quantum key distribution protocols. The protocols make use of coherent single-photon pulses. The key is encoded in the photon time-detection. The use of coherent superposition of states allows…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-09-29 Thierry Debuisschert , Simon Fossier

We introduce a new quantum key distribution protocol that uses d-level quantum systems to encode an alphabet with c letters. It has the property that the error rate introduced by an intercept-and-resend attack tends to one as the numbers c…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-15 Stephen Brierley

We consider the Bennett-Brassard cryptographic scheme, which uses two conjugate quantum bases. An eavesdropper who attempts to obtain information on qubits sent in one of the bases causes a disturbance to qubits sent in the other basis. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Christopher A. Fuchs , Nicolas Gisin , Robert B. Griffiths , Chi-Sheng Niu , Asher Peres

We present a finite-size security proof for generic quantum key distribution protocols against independent and identically distributed collective attacks and extend it to coherent attacks using the postselection technique. This work…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-11 Lars Kamin , Devashish Tupkary , Norbert Lütkenhaus

Woodhead [Phys. Rev. A \textbf{88}, 012331 (2013)] derived the lower bound of the secret key rate for a Bennett-Brassard (BB84) like quantum key distribution protocol under collective attacks. However, this lower bound does not always…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-24 Rashi Jain , Satyabrata Adhikari

In recent years, quantum computing technologies have steadily matured and have begun to find practical applications across various domains. One important area is network communication security, where Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) enables…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Abel C. H. Chen

Quantum coherence was recently formalized as a physical resource to measure the strength of superposition. Based on the resource theory, we present a systematic framework that connects a coherence measure to the security of quantum key…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-06-25 Jiajun Ma , You Zhou , Xiao Yuan , Xiongfeng Ma

Quantum key distribution (QKD) permits information-theoretically secure transmission of digital encryption keys, assuming that the behaviour of the devices employed for the key exchange can be reliably modelled and predicted. Remarkably, no…

We devise a simple modification that essentially doubles the efficiency of a well-known quantum key distribution scheme proposed by Bennett and Brassard (BB84). Our scheme assigns significantly different probabilities for the different…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 M. Ardehali , H. F. Chau , Hoi-Kwong Lo

Information-theoretical security of quantum key distribution (QKD) has been convincingly proven in recent years and remarkable experiments have shown the potential of QKD for real world applications. Due to its unique capability of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-26 Marco Lucamarini , James F. Dynes , Bernd Fröhlich , Zhiliang Yuan , Andrew J. Shields

Unconditional security proofs of the Bennett-Brassard protocol of quantum key distribution have been obtained recently. These proofs cover also practical implementations that utilize weak coherent pulses in the four signal polarizations.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Marcos Curty , Norbert Lütkenhaus

A symmetric device-independent quantum key distribution (DIQKD) protocol is proposed in this paper, with Holevo limit and subadditivity of von Neumann entropy, one can bound Eve's ability with collective attack. Together with symmetry of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-02-21 Yong-gang Tan

Quantum key distribution (QKD) promises provably secure cryptography, even to attacks from an all-powerful adversary. However, with quantum computing development lagging behind QKD, the assumption that there exists an adversary equipped…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-01 L. C. G. Govia , D. Bunandar , J. Lin , D. Englund , N. Lütkenhaus , H. Krovi

We present security proofs for a protocol for Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) based on encoding in finite high-dimensional Hilbert spaces. This protocol is an extension of Bennett's and Brassard's basic protocol from two bases, two state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Mohamed Bourennane , Anders Karlsson , Gunnar Bjork , Nicolas Gisin , Nicolas Cerf

We give an achievable secret key rate of a binary modulated continuous variable quantum key distribution schemes in the collective attack scenario considering quantum channels that impose arbitrary noise on the exchanged signals. Bob…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Yi-Bo Zhao , Matthias Heid , Johannes Rigas , Norbert Lütkenhaus

This work shows how two parties A and B can securely share sequences of random bits at optical speeds. A and B possess true-random physical sources and exchange random bits by using a random sequence received to cipher the following one to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Geraldo A. Barbosa

Practical quantum key distribution (QKD) systems operate under noise, but security of most protocols have been analyzed under ideal noiseless scenarios. In this work, we investigated security performance of BB84 protocol under effect of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-21 Wajiha Masood , Muhammad Waseem , Afshan Irshad

In this paper we propose a practical quantum key distribution protocol based on geometrically uniform states and a standard decoy state technique. The protocol extends the ideas used in SARG04 to the limit where the core quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-11-01 Konstantin S. Kravtsov , Sergei N. Molotkov