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Precise exoplanet characterization requires precise classification of exoplanet host stars. The masses of host stars are commonly estimated by comparing their spectra to those predicted by stellar evolution models. However,…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-12 Benjamin T. Montet , John Asher Johnson

Probabilistic relationships between the mass and radius of planets are useful for a variety of purposes, including estimating the yields of planet discovery efforts and the radii of discovered planets given their masses. Previous work on…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-09-23 Daniel P. Thorngren , Mark S. Marley , Jonathan J. Fortney

The radius-period distribution of exoplanets has been characterized by the \textit{Kepler} survey, and the empirical mass-radius relation by the subset of \textit{Kepler} planets with mass measurements. We combine the two in order to…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-03-04 Andrew R. Neil , Leslie A. Rogers

The hundreds of exoplanets that have been discovered in the past two decades offer a new perspective on planetary structure. Instead of being the archetypal examples of planets, those of our Solar System are merely possible outcomes of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-18 David S. Spiegel , Jonathan J. Fortney , Christophe Sotin

The radii and orbital periods of 4000+ confirmed/candidate exoplanets have been precisely measured by the Kepler mission. The radii show a bimodal distribution, with two peaks corresponding to smaller planets (likely rocky) and larger…

MassSpec, a method for determining the mass of a transiting exoplanet from its transmission spectrum alone, was proposed by \citet{dew13}. The premise of this method relies on the planet's surface gravity being extracted from the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-02-15 Natasha E. Batalha , Eliza M. -R. Kempton , Rostom Mbarek

The radius of an exoplanet may be affected by various factors, including irradiation, planet mass and heavy element content. A significant number of transiting exoplanets have now been discovered for which the mass, radius, semi-major axis,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-04 B. Enoch , A. Collier Cameron , K. Horne

Star compositions are essential for examining densities and compositional ranges of rocky exoplanets, testing their similarity to Earth. Stellar elemental abundances and planetary orbital data show that of the ~5000 known minerals,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-08-20 Keith Putirka , Caroline Dorn , Natalie Hinkel , Cayman Unterborn

The exoplanet detection is the most exciting and challenging field of astronomy. The discovery of many exoplanets has revolutionized our understanding of the formation and evolution of planetary systems and has showed new ways to search for…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-04-19 Mahima Kaushik , Aditee Mattoo , Ritesh Rastogi

The exoplanet field now abounds with new discoveries of planets and planetary systems. It is of great interest for the scientific community to understand the compositions and internal structures of these new planets outside our own solar…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-11-15 Li Zeng , Stein B. Jacobsen , Dimitar D. Sasselov , Michail I. Petaev

Nine extrasolar planets with masses between 110 and 430M are known to transit their star. The knowledge of their masses and radii allows an estimate of their composition, but uncertainties on equations of state, opacities and possible…

Most detected transiting planets have orbits which would fit within the one of Mercury, exposing them to intense stellar irradiation and interactions that significantly alter their properties. In contrast, colder planets with longer orbital…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-13 Solène Ulmer-Moll , Babatunde Akinsanmi , Simon Müller

With the ever-growing number of exoplanets detected, the issue of characterization is becoming more and more relevant. Direct imaging is certainly the most efficient but the most challenging tool to probe the atmosphere of exoplanets and…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-23 Boccaletti Anthony

With 40 or more transiting exoplanets now known, the time is ripe to seek patterns and correlations among their observed properties, which may give important insights into planet formation, structure, and evolution. This task is made…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Guillermo Torres , Joshua N. Winn , Matthew J. Holman

As a direct result of ongoing efforts to detect more exoplanetary systems, an ever-increasing number of multiple-planet systems are being announced. But how many of these systems are truly what they seem? In many cases, such systems are…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2013-02-22 Jonathan Horner , Robert A. Wittenmyer , Chris G. Tinney , Paul Robertson , Tobias C. Hinse , Jonathan P. Marshall

When a star is described as a spectral class G2V, we know its approximate mass, temperature, age, and size. At more than 5,700 exoplanets discovered, it is a natural developmental step to establish a classification for them, such as for…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-09-17 E. Plávalová , A. Rosaev

We study the masses and radii of 65 exoplanets smaller than 4 Earth radii with orbital periods shorter than 100 days. We calculate the weighted mean densities of planets in bins of 0.5 Earth radii and identify a density maximum of 7.6 g/cc…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-02-18 Lauren M. Weiss , Geoffrey W. Marcy

Direct imaging of exoplanets involves the extraction of very faint signals from highly noisy data sets, with noise that often exhibits significant spatial, spectral and temporal correlations. As a results, a large number of post-processing…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-26 Dmitry Savransky

Exoplanet detection in the past decade by efforts including NASA's Kepler and TESS missions has discovered many worlds that differ substantially from planets in our own Solar system, including more than 400 exoplanets orbiting binary or…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-06-30 Zhihui Kong , Jonathan H. Jiang , Zong-Hong Zhu , Kristen A. Fahy , Remo Burn

The masses and radii of exoplanets are fundamental quantities needed for their characterisation. Studying the different populations of exoplanets is important for understanding the demographics of the different planetary types, which can…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-02-05 J. F. Otegi , F. Bouchy , R. Helled