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The photon model of light has been known for decades to be self-inconsistent and controversial theory with numerous intrinsic conflicts. This paper revises the model and explores its applicability for description of classical…

General Physics · Physics 2021-06-16 Yuriy Akimov , Pavlo Rutkevych

Quantum electrodynamics corrects miscalculations of classical electrodynamics, but by introducing the pseudo-particle "photon" it is the source of errors whose practical consequences are serious. Thus W. E. Lamb disadvises the use of the…

General Physics · Physics 2010-11-12 Jacques Moret-Bailly

The quantization of optical fields in vacuum has been known for decades, but extending the field quantization to lossy and dispersive media in nonequilibrium conditions has proven to be complicated due to the position-dependent electric and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-02-13 Mikko Partanen , Teppo Häyrynen , Jani Oksanen , Jukka Tulkki

We introduce a formulation of combined systems in orthodox non-relativistic quantum mechanics, mathematically equivalent to the usual one. For context and larger issues, see http://euclid.unh.edu/~jjohnson/axiomatics.html and…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Joseph F. Johnson

We develop a formalism based on a time-dependent wave-function ansatz to study correlations of photons emitted from a collection of two-level quantum emitters. We show how to simulate the system dynamics and evaluate the intensity of the…

Quantum electrodynamics (QED) accurately describes all known forms of modern optics and photonics regarding interactions between photons and matter. While matter ranges widely from atoms, particles, to solids, photons are predominantly in a…

Optics · Physics 2026-04-28 Shoufeng Lan

A wavefunction for single- and many-photon states is defined by associating photons with different momenta to different spectral and polarization components of the classical, generally complex, electromagnetic field that propagates in a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Daniela Dragoman

We present a formalism that enables the analytic calculation of the interaction of a spin-half particle with a polychromatic electromagnetic field. This powerful new approach provides a clear physical picture even for cases with highly…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-07-03 Ben Yuen , Christopher J. Foot

We present a variational method for deriving relativistic two-fermion wave equations in a Hamiltonian formulation of QED. A reformulation of QED is performed, in which covariant Green functions are used to solve for the electromagnetic…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-11-10 Andrei G. Terekidi , Jurij W. Darewych

This paper discusses an attempt to develop a mathematically rigorous theory of Quantum Electrodynamics (QED). It deviates from the standard version of QED mainly in two aspects: it is assumed that the Coulomb forces are carried by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-01-07 Jan Naudts

We develop a covariant density matrix approach to kinetic theory of QED plasmas subjected into a strong external electromagnetic field. A canonical quantization of the system on space-like hyperplanes in Minkowski space and a covariant…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. Hoell , V. G. Morozov , G. Roepke

The scattering of photons and heavy classical Coulomb interacting particles, with realistic particle-photon interaction (without particle recoil) is studied adopting the Koopman formulation for the particles. The model is translation…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-10-16 G. Morchio , F. Strocchi

Leading corrections to Planck's formula and photon thermodynamics arising from the pair-mediated photon-photon interaction are calculated. This interaction is attractive and causes an increase in occupation number for all modes. Possible…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-22 M. Hossein Partovi

Systematic description of a spin one-half system endowed with magnetic moment or any other two-level system (qubit) interacting with the quantized electromagnetic field is developed. This description exploits a close analogy between a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Iwo Bialynicki-Birula , Tomasz Sowinski

Consistent quantum formalism based on the localized basis of the Wannirer functions in Heisenberg and Schrodinger pictures to describe propagation of electromagnetic field in a three dimensional media including diffraction is presented. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 V. N. Gorbachev , A. I. Zhiliba

The quantum theory of U(1) connections admits a diffeomorphism invariant representation in which the electric flux through any surface is quantized. This representation is the analog of the representation of quantum SU(2) theory used in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-07 Madhavan Varadarajan

This chapter reexamines wave function realism (WFR) through the lens of phenomenology. We begin by situating WFR within the broader debate about the ontology of the quantum state and the temptation to "read off" metaphysics from…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2026-01-13 Philipp Berghofer , Harald A. Wiltsche

We study the electromagnetic structure of the pion in terms of the quantum cromodynamic~(QCD) model on the Breit-frame. We calculated the observables, such as the electromagnetic form factor. The priori to have a calculation covariant need…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2016-05-17 Clayton Santos Mello , J. P. B. C. de Melo , T. Frederico

There has been rapid development of systems that yield strong interactions between freely propagating photons in one dimension via controlled coupling to quantum emitters. This raises interesting possibilities such as quantum information…

The interconnection between quantum mechanics and probabilistic classical mechanics for a free relativistic particle is derived in terms of Wigner functions (WF) for both Dirac and Klein-Gordon (K-G) equations. Construction of WF is…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-31 A. N. Mitra , R. Ramanathan