Related papers: The 8-universality Criterion is Unique

Given a finite set of roots of unity, we show that all power sums are non-negative integers iff the set forms a group under multiplication. The main argument is purely combinatorial and states that for an arbitrary finite set system the…

An odd perfect number, N, is shown to have at least nine distinct prime factors. If 3 does not divide N, then N must have at least twelve distinct prime divisors. The proof ultimately avoids previous computational results for odd perfect…

For each natural number $n$, we define a category whose objects are discriminant algebras in rank $n$, i.e. functorial means of attaching to each rank-$n$ algebra a quadratic algebra with the same discriminant. We show that the discriminant…

For standard algorithms verifying positive definiteness of a matrix $A\in\mathbb{M}_n(\mathbb{R})$ based on Sylvester's criterion, the computationally pessimistic case is this when $A$ is positive definite. We present two algorithms…

Uniqueness theorems are considered for various types of almost periodic objects: functions, measures, distributions, multisets, holomorphic and meromorphic functions.

Let $K$ be a number field with ring of integers $\mathcal{O}_K$. Let $\mathcal{N}_K$ be the set of positive integers $n$ such that there exist units $\varepsilon, \delta \in \mathcal{O}_K^\times$ satisfying $\varepsilon + \delta = n$. We…

We prove formulas for the core of ideals that apply in arbitrary characteristic.

For any integer $k\ge 1$, we show that there are infinitely many complex quadratic fields whose 2-class groups are cyclic of order $2^k$. The proof combines the circle method with an algebraic criterion for a complex quadratic ideal class…

Border bases are traditionally restricted to 0-dimensional ideals due to the finiteness of the underlying order ideal. In this paper we extend the theory to homogeneous ideals of positive Krull dimension by introducing homogeneous border…

We provide an extensive list of desirable properties for an O-notation --- as used in algorithm analysis --- and reduce them to 8 primitive properties. We prove that the primitive properties are equivalent to the definition of the…

If a positive definite Hermitian lattice represents all positive integers, we call it universal. Several mathematicians, including the author, found 25 universal binary Hermitian lattices. But their ad hoc proofs are complicated. We give…

We give a new sufficient condition which allows to test primality of Fermat's numbers. This characterization uses uniquely values at most equal to tested Fermat number. The robustness of this result is due to a strict use of elementary…

We employ Schauder fixed-point Theorem to prove the existence of at least one positive continuous solution of the quadratic integral equation Moreover, the maximal and the minimal solutions of the last equation are also proved.

Let $a,b,c,d,e,f\in\mathbb N$ with $a\ge c\ge e>0$, $b\le a$ and $b\equiv a\pmod2$, $d\le c$ and $d\equiv c\pmod2$, $f\le e$ and $f\equiv e\pmod2$. If any nonnegative integer can be written as $x(ax+b)/2+y(cy+d)/2+z(ez+f)/2$ with…

We exhibit an explicit formula for the cardinality of solutions to a class of quadratic matrix equations over finite fields. We prove that the orbits of these solutions under the natural conjugation action of the general linear groups can…

A Universal Mapping Property is generally described as a characterization of an object up to a unique isomorphism by considering its relation to every other object; however, the term "by considering its relation to every other object" is…

We prove that a completely non-degenerate B-group is uniquely determined by its factor: two such groups with conformally equivalent factors are M\"obius conjugate. A similar property is inherent to the quasi-Fuchsian groups but not to…

We construct six unitary trace invariants for 2 by 2 quaternionic matrices which separate the unitary similarity classes of such matrices, and show that this set is minimal. We prove two quaternionic versions of a well known…

We propose a sufficient and necessary separability criterion for pure states in multipartite and high dimensional systems. Its main advantage is operational and computable. The obvious expressions of this criterion can be given out by the…

This note is intended to explain the proof of two facts about quadrature domains: first, they are essentially unique if they exist; and second, they do exist for a large class of weight functions. The proofs roughly follow Sakai's…