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We consider a quantum gas consisting of $N$ hard spheres with radius $\frak{a} > 0$, obeying bosonic statistics and moving in the box $\Lambda = [0;L]^3$ with periodic boundary conditions. We are interested in the ground state energy per…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2026-03-16 Giulia Basti , Morris Brooks , Serena Cenatiempo , Alessandro Olgiati , Benjamin Schlein

Now that the properties of the ground state of quantum-mechanical many-body systems (bosons) at low density, $\rho$, can be examined experimentally it is appropriate to revisit some of the formulas deduced by many authors 4-5 decades ago.…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Elliott H. Lieb

We consider a Bose gas at density $\rho > 0$, interacting through a repulsive potential $V \in L^2 (\mathbb{R}^3)$ with scattering length $\mathfrak{a} > 0$. We prove an upper bound for the free energy of the system, valid at low…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2024-05-07 Florian Haberberger , Christian Hainzl , Benjamin Schlein , Arnaud Triay

A lower bound is derived on the free energy (per unit volume) of a homogeneous Bose gas at density $\rho$ and temperature $T$. In the dilute regime, i.e., when $a^3\rho \ll 1$, where $a$ denotes the scattering length of the pair-interaction…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 Robert Seiringer

We consider a system of $N$ bosons in a unitary box in the grand-canonical setting interacting through a potential with scattering length scaling as $N^{-1+\kappa},$ $\kappa\in (0,2/3).$ This regimes interpolate between the Gross-Pitaevskii…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2022-07-20 Giulia Basti

In the present paper we study the low density Bose gas in the thermodynamic limit interacting via two-body and three-body interaction potentials. We prove that the leading order of the ground state energy is entirely characterised by both…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2026-01-27 François L. A. Visconti

The isotropic scattering phase shift is calculated for non-relativistic bosons interacting at low energies via an arbitrary finite-range potential in d spacetime dimensions. Scattering on a (d-1)-dimensional torus is then considered, and…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2011-04-14 Silas R. Beane

We prove upper bounds on the ground state energies of the one- and two-component charged Bose gases. The upper bound for the one-component gas agrees with the high density asymptotic formula proposed by L. Foldy in 1961. The upper bound for…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Jan Philip Solovej

We study a bound system of N identical bosons interacting by model pair potentials of the form V(r) = A sgn(p)r^p + B/r^2, A > 0, B >= 0. By using a variational trial function and the `equivalent 2-body method', we find explicit upper and…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 Richard L. Hall

We prove the Lee-Huang-Yang formula for the ground state energy of the 3D Bose gas with repulsive interactions described by the exponential function, in a simultaneous limit of weak coupling and high density. In particular, we show that the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Alessandro Giuliani , Robert Seiringer

We consider a gas of bosons interacting through a three-body hard-core potential in the thermodynamic limit. We derive an upper bound on the ground state energy of the system at the leading order using a Jastrow factor. Our result matches…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2024-06-14 Lukas Junge , François Louis Antoine Visconti

We present an overview of the approach to establish a lower bound to the ground state energy for the dilute, interacting Bose gas in a periodic box. In this paper the size of the box is larger than the Gross-Pitaevski length scale. The…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2023-08-22 Søren Fournais , Theotime Girardot , Lukas Junge , Leo Morin , Marco Olivieri

We study the ground state properties of a system of $N$ harmonically trapped bosons of mass $m$ interacting with two-body contact interactions, from small to large scattering lengths. This is accomplished in a hyperspherical coordinate…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2018-03-21 M. W. C. Sze , A. G. Sykes , D. Blume , J. L. Bohn

We consider Bose gases consisting of $N$ particles trapped in a box with volume one and interacting through a repulsive potential with scattering length of the order $N^{-1}$(Gross-Pitaevskii regime). We determine the ground state energy…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2018-12-10 Chiara Boccato , Christian Brennecke , Serena Cenatiempo , Benjamin Schlein

We study the large-N limit of a system of N bosons interacting with a potential of intensity 1/N. When the ground state energy is to the first order given by Hartree's theory, we study the next order, predicted by Bogoliubov's theory. We…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2014-03-12 Mathieu Lewin , Phan Thành Nam , Sylvia Serfaty , Jan Philip Solovej

We derive a lower bound on the ground state energy of the Hubbard model for given value of the total spin. In combination with the upper bound derived previously by Giuliani, our result proves that in the low density limit, the leading…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Robert Seiringer , Jun Yin

We consider a non-relativistic quantum gas of $N$ bosonic atoms confined to a box of volume $\Lambda$ in physical space. The atoms interact with each other through a pair potential whose strength is inversely proportional to the density,…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2014-06-09 D. -A. Deckert , J. Fröhlich , P. Pickl , A. Pizzo

We consider the ground state of a Bose gas of N particles on the three-dimensional unit torus in the mean-field regime that is known to exhibit Bose-Einstein condensation. Bounded one-particle operators with law given through the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2023-06-21 Simone Rademacher

We consider a dilute Bose gas in the thermodynamic limit. We prove an upper bound for the ground state energy per unit volume, capturing the expected third order term, as predicted by Wu, Hugenholtz-Pines and Sawada.

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-06-05 Morris Brooks , Jakob Oldenburg , Diane Saint Aubin , Benjamin Schlein

We determined perturbatively the low-energy universal thermodynamics of dilute one-dimensional bosons with the three-body repulsive forces. The final results are presented for the limit of vanishing potential range in terms of…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2019-03-27 Volodymyr Pastukhov