Related papers: New Mechanics of Spinal Injury
This study presents a dynamic model of a universal joint (U-Joint) with radial clearance, focusing on the rigid unilateral frictional contacts at the crosspiece and yoke interfaces. Unlike previous models that neglect crosspiece inertia and…
Willis dynamic homogenization theory revealed that the effective linear momentum of elastic composites is coupled to their effective strain. % This result, which is partially due to asymmetry at the subwavelength scale, implies that…
In psoriatic arthritis, it is important to understand the joint activity (represented by swelling and pain) and damage processes because both are related to severe physical disability. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive…
Bone pain typically occurs immediately following skeletal damage with mechanical distortion or rupture of nociceptive fibres. The pain mechanism is also associated with chronic pain conditions where the healing process is impaired. Any load…
The theory of spin fluctuations is developed for an ensemble of localized electrons taking into account both hyperfine interaction of electron and nuclear spins and electron hopping between the sites. The analytical expression for the spin…
We study spin-dependent diffusive transport in the presence of a tunable spin-orbit (SO) interaction in a two-dimensional electron system. The spin precession of an electron in the SO coupling field is expressed in terms of a covariant…
The motion of a rigid body is described in Classical Mechanics with the venerable Euler's equations which are based on the assumption that the relative distances among the constituent particles are fixed in time. Real bodies, however,…
Brain tissue deformation resulting from head impacts is primarily caused by rotation and can lead to traumatic brain injury. To quantify brain injury risk based on measurements of kinematics on the head, finite element (FE) models and…
Chronic pain affects about 100 million adults in the US. Despite their great need, neuropharmacology and neurostimulation therapies for chronic pain have been associated with suboptimal efficacy and limited long-term success, as their…
The dynamics of moving solids with unilateral contacts are often modeled by assuming rigidity, point contacts, and Coulomb friction due to the simplicity of these models. The canonical example of a rigid rod with one endpoint slipping in…
Vertebral body compression fractures are early signs of osteoporosis. Though these fractures are visible on Computed Tomography (CT) images, they are frequently missed by radiologists in clinical settings. Prior research on automatic…
We study the dynamics of three elastic particles in a finite interval where two light particles are separated by a heavy ``piston''. The piston undergoes surprisingly complex motion that is oscillatory at short time scales but seemingly…
This paper presents a motion analysis framework for an athlete wearing sport-specific flexible prosthesis based on the soft-rigid hybrid-link system. Such a motion analysis is a challenging problem because we need to consider the…
It is shown that a compound elastic structure, which displays a dynamic instability, may be designed as the union (or 'fusion') of two structures which are stable when separately analyzed. The compound elastic structure has two degrees of…
Soft lubrication has been shown to drastically affect the mobility of an object immersed in a viscous fluid in the vicinity of a purely elastic wall. In this theoretical study, we develop a minimal model incorporating viscoelasticity,…
We investigate the dynamical spin polarization of a massless electron probing an electron plasma in locally thermal equilibrium via the Moller scattering from the quantum kinetic theory. We derive an axial kinetic equation delineating the…
The onset of frictional motion is mediated by rupture-like slip fronts, which nucleate locally and propagate eventually along the entire interface causing global sliding. The static friction coefficient is a macroscopic measure of the…
Strain gradient elasticity and nonlocal elasticity are two enhanced elastic theories intensively used over the last fifty years to explain static and dynamic phenomena that classical elasticity fails to do. The nonlocal elastic theory has a…
Elasticity shapes our world. For centuries, it has been regarded as a property exclusive to ordinary matter. Here we uncover its hidden existence in the spin degree of freedom. We introduce spin elasticity-a framework linking spin torque to…
We propose a new peridynamic formulation with shear deformation for linear elastic solid. The key idea lies in subtracting the rigid body rotation part from the total deformation. Based on the strain energy equivalence between classic local…