Related papers: Measurements and confluence in quantum lambda calc…
Quantum computation consists of a quantum state corresponding to a solution, and measurements with some observables. To obtain a solution with an accuracy $\epsilon$, measurements $O(n/\epsilon^2)$ are required, where $n$ is the size of a…
Applicative bisimulation is a coinductive technique to check program equivalence in higher-order functional languages. It is known to be sound, and sometimes complete, with respect to context equivalence. In this paper we show that…
Measurements in the quantum domain can exceed classical notions. This concerns fundamental questions about the nature of the measurement process itself, as well as applications, such as their function as building blocks of quantum…
The overlap measurement scheme accomplishes to evaluate the overlap of two input quantum states by only measuring an introduced auxiliary qubit, irrespective of the complexity of the two input states. We find a counterintuitive phenomenon…
In compositional model-theoretic semantics, researchers assemble truth-conditions or other kinds of denotations using the lambda calculus. It was previously observed that the lambda terms and/or the denotations studied tend to follow the…
Quantum states and measurements exhibit wave-like --- continuous, or particle-like --- discrete, character. Hybrid discrete-continuous photonic systems are key to investigating fundamental quantum phenomena, generating superpositions of…
The operations of linear algebra, calculus, and statistics are routinely applied to measurement scales but certain mathematical conditions must be satisfied in order for these operations to be applicable. We call attention to the conditions…
We introduce a logic modelling some aspects of the behaviour of the measurement process, in such a way that no direct mention of quantum states is made, thus avoiding the problems associated to this rather evasive notion. We then study some…
Finding a denotational semantics for higher order quantum computation is a long-standing problem in the semantics of quantum programming languages. Most past approaches to this problem fell short in one way or another, either limiting the…
We introduce a procedure based on quantum expectation values of measurement observables to characterize quantum coherence. Our measure allows one to quantify coherence without having to perform tomography of the quantum state, and can be…
Quantum metrology makes use of coherent superpositions to detect weak signals. While in principle the sensitivity can be improved by increasing the density of sensing particles, in practice this improvement is severely hindered by…
Measurement-based quantum computation has emerged from the physics community as a new approach to quantum computation where the notion of measurement is the main driving force of computation. This is in contrast with the more traditional…
This article contains ideas and their elaboration for quantifiers, which appeared after checking in practice the experimental language of the formal knowledge representation YAFOLL [1]: - looking at for_all and exists quantifiers as…
We propose quantum devices that can realize probabilistically different projective measurements on a qubit. The desired measurement basis is selected by the quantum state of a program register. First we analyze the phase-covariant…
We study the logic obtained by endowing the language of first-order arithmetic with second-order measure quantifiers. This new kind of quantification allows us to express that the argument formula is true in a certain portion of all…
There is an increasing interest in Quantum Machine Learning (QML) models, how they work and for which applications they could be useful. There have been many different proposals on how classical data can be encoded and what circuit…
The manipulation of quantum entanglement has found enormous potential for improving performances of devices such as gyroscopes, clocks, and even computers. Similar improvements have been demonstrated for lithography and microscopy. We…
We study the probability assignment for the outcomes of time-extended measurements. We construct the class-operator that incorporates the information about a generic time-smeared quantity. These class-operators are employed for the…
The aim of this work is to model the measurement of flux qubits using Quantum-Flux-Parametron (QFP) and to theoretically investigate and numerically simulate the fidelity of the measurement in different bases.
We develop a sound and complete equational theory for the functional quantum programming language QML. The soundness and completeness of the theory are with respect to the previously-developed denotational semantics of QML. The completeness…