Related papers: Sociological Inequality and the Second Law

The power law is ubiquitous in natural and social phenomena, and is considered as a universal relationship between the frequency and its rank for diverse social systems. However, a general model is still lacking to interpret why these…

In this paper we study the small scale equidistribution property of random waves whose coefficients are determined by an unfair coin. That is the coefficients take value $+1$ with probability $p$ and $-1$ with probability $1-p$. Random…

We show that an economic system populated by multiple agents generates an equilibrium distribution in the form of multiple scaling laws of conditional PDFs, which are sufficient for characterizing the probability distribution. The existence…

Iafrate, Miller, and Strauch [Equipartition and a Distribution for Numbers: A Statistical Model for Benford's Law," arXiv:1503.08259] construct and test a statistical model for partitioning a conserved quantity. One consequence of their…

The density profiles and other quantities of physical interest for spherically symmetric systems are computed by assuming that a collisionless stellar gas may relax to the non-Gaussian power law distribution suggested by the nonextensive…

Boltzmann's principleS=k*ln W is generalized to non-equilibrium Hamiltonian systems with possibly fractal distributions in phase space by the box-counting volume. The probabilities P(M) of macroscopic observables M are given by the ratio…

Although quantum states nicely express interference effects, outcomes of experimental trials show no states directly; they indicate properties of probability distributions for outcomes. We prove categorically that probability distributions…

We study the fundamental problem of allocating indivisible goods to agents with additive preferences. We consider eliciting from each agent only a ranking of her $k$ most preferred goods instead of her full cardinal valuations. We…

Recently several authors studied the segregation of particles for a system composed of mono-dispersed inelastic spheres contained in a box divided by a wall in the middle. The system exhibited a symmetry breaking leading to an…

In this paper, we address the problem of fair sharing of the total value of a crowd-sourced network system between major participants (founders) and minor participants (crowd) using cooperative game theory. Shapley allocation is regarded as…

In the last years, researchers have realized the difficulties of fitting power-law distributions properly. These difficulties are higher in Zipf's systems, due to the discreteness of the variables and to the existence of two representations…

In classical physics, there is a basic principle, namely "A particle cannot be located at the position of another one on the same time". Which consequences can be derived if this principle is transferred into quantum physics? For doing…

Consider a particle diffusing in a confined volume which is divided into two equal regions. In one region the diffusion coefficient is twice the value of the diffusion coefficient in the other region. Will the particle spend equal…

Science has traditionally played an important role in sharing knowledge among people. Particle Physics, with its large experiments, has shown that one not only can share the knowledge among different cultures, but that one can also work…

A detailed distribution of the force of electromagnetic radiation in and around dielectric media can be obtained by a direct application of the Lorentz law of force in conjunction with Maxwell's equations. We develop a theory of the force…

We study the problem of fair division when the resources contain both divisible and indivisible goods. Classic fairness notions such as envy-freeness (EF) and envy-freeness up to one good (EF1) cannot be directly applied to the mixed goods…

Apportionment is the task of assigning resources to entities with different entitlements in a fair manner, and specifically a manner that is as proportional as possible. The best-known application is the assignment of parliamentary seats to…

We introduce preferential behavior into the study on statistical mechanics of money circulation. The computer simulation results show that the preferential behavior can lead to power laws on distributions over both holding time and amount…

Quantum particles in a potential are described by classical statistical probabilities. We formulate a basic time evolution law for the probability distribution of classical position and momentum such that all known quantum phenomena follow,…

We consider a simple theoretical model to investigate the impact of inheritances on the wealth distribution. Wealth is described as a finite resource, which remains constant over different generations and is divided equally among offspring.…