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A generalized KdV equation is formulated as an exterior differential system, which is used to determine the prolongation structure of the equation. The prolongation structure is obtained for several cases of the variable powers, and…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-03-25 Paul Bracken

This paper presents recent work on connections between symmetries and conservation laws. After reviewing Noether's theorem and its limitations, we present the Direct Construction Method to show how to find directly the conservation laws for…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2008-04-24 George Bluman

The Lax pair formalism is considered to discuss the integrability of the N=1 supersymmetric sinh-Gordon model with a defect. We derive associated defect matrix for the model and construct the generating functions of the modified conserved…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2015-03-02 A. R. Aguirre , J. F. Gomes , N. I. Spano , A. H. Zimerman

We propose a method by which to examine all possible partial difference Lax pairs that consist of 'two by two' discrete linear problems, where the matrices contain one separable term in each entry. We thereby derive new, higher-order…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2008-06-25 Mike Hay

We express Maxwell's equations as a single equation, first using the divergence of a special type of matrix field to obtain the four current, and then the divergence of a special matrix to obtain the Electromagnetic field. These two…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Daniel Henry Gottlieb

A general form of the fifth-order nonlinear evolution equation is considered. Helmholtz solution of the inverse variational problem is used to derive conditions under which this equation admits an analytic representation. A Lennard type…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2015-06-26 Amitava Choudhuri , B. Talukdar , S. B. Datta

A three-step method due to Nijhoff and Bobenko & Suris to derive a Lax pair for scalar partial difference equations (P\Delta Es) is reviewed. The method assumes that the P\Delta Es are defined on a quadrilateral, and consistent around the…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2013-08-27 Terry Bridgman , Willy A. Hereman , G. Reinout W. Quispel , Peter H. van der Kamp

The compatible expansion in series of solutions of both the equations of P-Q pair at neighborhood of the singular point is obtained in closed form for regular and irregular singularities. The conservation laws of the system of ordinary…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 N. V. Ustinov

The system of equations of one-dimensional shallow water over uneven bottom in Euler's and Lagrange's variables is considered. Intermediate system of equations is introduced. Hydrodynamic conservation laws of intermediate system of…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2018-12-14 Alexander V. Aksenov , Konstantin P. Druzhkov

Completely integrable finite dimensional Hamiltonian systems are well understood thanks to the work of Liouville and Arnold. On the other hand, the Lax Pair formulation of the KdV equation marks the beginning of the extension of the…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2026-04-23 D. C. Antonopoulou , S. Kamvissis

We introduce a spectral parameter into the geometrically exact Hamiltonian equations for the elastic rod in a way that creates a Lax pair. This assures integrability and permits application of the inverse scattering transform solution…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2007-05-23 Yaoming Shi , W. M. McClain , J. E. Hearst

We propose a construction of 1+1 integrable Heisenberg-Landau-Lifshitz type equations in the ${\rm gl}_N$ case. The dynamical variables are matrix elements of $N\times N$ matrix $S$ with the property $S^2={\rm const}\cdot S$. The Lax pair…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2022-09-05 K. Atalikov , A. Zotov

From a new perspective, this paper rederives Lagrange's equations. By applying the chain rule of differentiation, the intrinsic relationship between the momentum theorem and the kinetic energy theorem is first established. Subsequently,…

Classical Physics · Physics 2026-05-18 Peng Shi

In paper by I.T. Habibullin and our joint paper the algorithm for classification of integrable equations with three independent variables was proposed. This method is based on the requirement of the existence of an infinite set of Darboux…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2021-09-28 Maria N. Kuznetsova

We use inverted finite elements method for approximating solutions of second order elliptic equations with non-constant coefficients varying to infinity in the exterior of a 2D bounded obstacle, when a Neumann boundary condition is…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-01-24 R Belbaki , S K Bhowmik , T Z Boulmezaoud , N Kerdid , S Mziou

Evolutionary forms, as well as exterior forms, are skew-symmetric differential forms. But in contrast to the exterior forms, the basis of evolutionary forms is deforming manifolds (with unclosed metric forms). Such forms possess a…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 L. I. Petrova

The prolongation structure of a two-by-two problem is formulated very generally in terms of exterior differential forms on a standard representation of Pauli matrices. The differential system is general without making reference to any…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2014-06-12 Paul Bracken

The Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation for rigid and saturated ferromagnets is derived using a two-continuum model constructed by H.F. Tiersten for elastic and saturated ferromagnets. The relevant basic laws of physics are applied…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-05-30 Jiashi Yang

We discuss two generalizations of the inverse problem of the calculus of variations, one in which a given mechanical system can be brought into the form of Lagrangian equations with non-conservative forces of a generalized Rayleigh…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2011-03-11 T. Mestdag , W. Sarlet , M. Crampin

The Gardner method, traditionally used to generate conservation laws of integrable equations, is generalized to generate symmetries. The method is demonstrated for the KdV, Camassa-Holm and Sine-Gordon equations. The method involves…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2015-05-27 Alexander G. Rasin , Jeremy Schiff