Related papers: The genetic code Via Godel encoding
In this work it is shown that 20 canonical amino acids (AAs) within genetic code appear to be a whole system with strict distinction in Genetic Code Table (GCT) into some different quantums: 20, 23, 61 amino acid molecules. These molecules…
Labeling of DNA molecules is a fundamental technique for DNA visualization and analysis. This process was mathematically modeled in [1], where the received sequence indicates the positions of the used labels. In this work, we develop error…
Each human genome is a 3 billion base pair set of encoding instructions. Decoding the genome using deep learning fundamentally differs from most tasks, as we do not know the full structure of the data and therefore cannot design…
Gene conversion is a mechanism by which a double-strand break in a DNA molecule is repaired using a homologous DNA molecule as a template. As a result, one gene is 'copied and pasted' onto the other gene. It was recently reported that the…
The paper represents three supplements to the source paper, q-bio/0610044 [q-bio.OT], with three new series of harmonic structures of the genetic code, determined by Gauss arithmetical algorithm; by Table of Minimal Adding, as in…
In a population with haploid reproduction any individual has a single parent in the previous generation. If all genealogical distances among pairs of individuals (generations from the closest common ancestor) are known it is possible to…
We have presented the basic knowledge on the structure of molecules coding the genetic information, mechanisms of transfer of this information from DNA to proteins and phenomena connected with replication of DNA. In particular, we have…
The idea of the evolution of the genetic code from the CG to the CGUA alphabet has been developed further. The assumption of the originally triplet structure of the genetic code has been substantiated. The hypothesis of the emergence of…
The genetic code refers to a rule that maps 64 codons to 20 amino acids. Nearly all organisms, with few exceptions, share the same genetic code, the standard genetic code (SGC). While it remains unclear why this universal code has arisen…
Multi Expression Programming (MEP) is a Genetic Programming variant that uses a linear representation of chromosomes. MEP individuals are strings of genes encoding complex computer programs. When MEP individuals encode expressions, their…
Rich information on the prebiotic evolution is still stored in contemporary genomic data. The statistical mechanism at the sequence level may play a significant role in the prebiotic evolution. Based on statistical analysis of genome…
Codes have been used for centuries to convey secret information.To a cryptanalyst, the interception of a code is only the first step in recovering a secret message.Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a biological and molecular code.Through the…
We live in a period where bio-informatics is rapidly expanding, a significant quantity of genomic data has been produced as a result of the advancement of high-throughput genome sequencing technology, raising concerns about the costs…
This study proposes a data condensation method for multivariate kernel density estimation by genetic algorithm. First, our proposed algorithm generates multiple subsamples of a given size with replacement from the original sample. The…
Proteins employ the information stored in the genetic code and translated into their sequences to carry out well-defined functions in the cellular environment. The possibility to encode for such functions is controlled by the balance…
The genetic code is nearly universal, and the arrangement of the codons in the standard codon table is highly non-random. The three main concepts on origin and evolution of the code are the stereochemical theory; the coevolution theory; and…
The post-genomic era has brought opportunities to bridge traditionally separate fields of early history of life and brought new insight into origin and evolution of biodiversity. According to distributions of codons in genome sequences, I…
In several recent papers new gene-detection algorithms were proposed for detecting protein-coding regions without requiring learning dataset of already known genes. The fact that unsupervised gene-detection is possible closely connected to…
Molecular evidence regarding the genetic code has been examined and the findings on the nature of the early events responsible for the amino acid distribution in the code are reported.
The mathematical concept of q-deformations, in particular the one of qnumbers, is used to study the genetic code(s). After considering two kinds of q-numbers, for comparison, a phenomenological classification scheme of the genetic code…