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This note provides an introduction to selected topics in algebraic graph theory, including strongly regular graphs, Steiner systems, and automorphism groups. We describe constructions and properties of notable graphs such as the Petersen…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2026-04-24 M Reza Salarian

A well known theorem due to Kasteleyn states that the partition function of an Ising model on an arbitrary planar graph can be represented as the Pfaffian of a skew-symmetric matrix associated to the graph. This results both embodies the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2013-12-30 Thierry Gobron

In this paper we present a proof system that operates on graphs instead of formulas. Starting from the well-known relationship between formulas and cographs, we drop the cograph-conditions and look at arbitrary undirected) graphs. This…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Matteo Acclavio , Ross Horne , Lutz Straßburger

We show that any two Hadamard graphs on the same number of vertices are quantum isomorphic. This follows from a more general recipe for showing quantum isomorphism of graphs arising from certain association schemes. The main result is built…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-10-27 Ada Chan , William J. Martin

The Hamiltonian approach to the General Relativity is formulated as a joint nonlinear realization of conformal and affine symmetries by means of the Dirac scalar dilaton and the Maurer-Cartan forms. The dominance of the Casimir vacuum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-30 V. N. Pervushin , A. B. Arbuzov , B. M. Barbashov , R. G. Nazmitdinov , A. Borowiec , K. N. Pichugin , A. F. Zakharov

The focus of the thesis is to obtain a universal formalism to evaluate the perturbations during inflation at all orders that can be applied to any theory of gravity and matter source in the early universe. We first look at the equivalence…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-01-10 Debottam Nandi

This paper studies planar algebras of Jones' style associated with the Young graph. We first see that, given a positive real valued function on the Young graph, we may obtain a planar algebra whose structure is defined in terms of a state…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-01-26 Shinji Koshida

This paper is the third of a series on Hamiltonian stationary Lagrangian surfaces. We present here the most general theory, valid for any Hermitian symmetric target space. Using well-chosen moving frame formalism, we show that the equations…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Frederic Helein , Pascal Romon

To a digraph with a choice of certain integral basis, we construct a CW complex, whose integral singular cohomology is canonically isomorphic to the path cohomology of the digraph as introduced in \cite{GLMY}. The homotopy type of the CW…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-09-23 An Huang , Shing-Tung Yau

We show for a broad class of counting problems, correlation decay (strong spatial mixing) implies FPTAS on planar graphs. The framework for the counting problems considered by us is the Holant problems with arbitrary constant-size domain…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2012-07-17 Yitong Yin , Chihao Zhang

We introduce a type of graph integrals which are holomorphic analogs of configuration space integrals. We prove their (ultraviolet) finiteness by considering a compactification of the moduli space of graphs with metrics, and study their…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-12-04 Minghao Wang

How might one "reduce" a graph? That is, generate a smaller graph that preserves the global structure at the expense of discarding local details? There has been extensive work on both graph sparsification (removing edges) and graph…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2020-02-18 Gecia Bravo-Hermsdorff , Lee M. Gunderson

Laman graphs naturally arise in structural mechanics and rigidity theory. Specifically, they characterize minimally rigid planar bar-and-joint systems which are frequently needed in robotics, as well as in molecular chemistry and polymer…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-10-01 Stephen Kobourov , Torsten Ueckerdt , Kevin Verbeek

In this paper, we give polynomial-time algorithms that can take a graph G with a given combinatorial embedding on an orientable surface S of genus g and produce a planar drawing of G in R^2, with a bounding face defined by a polygonal…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2009-08-13 Christian A. Duncan , Michael T. Goodrich , Stephen G. Kobourov

It is shown that the canonical formulation of the abelian BF theory in D = 3 allows to obtain topological invariants associated to curves and points in the plane. The method consists on finding the Hamiltonian on-shell of the theory coupled…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2012-04-16 Ernesto Contreras , Adalberto Díaz , Lorenzo Leal

The permanent-determinant method and its generalization, the Hafnian-Pfaffian method, are methods to enumerate perfect matchings of plane graphs that was discovered by P. W. Kasteleyn. We present several new techniques and arguments related…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Greg Kuperberg

Tree-level Feynman diagrams in a cubic scalar theory can be given a metric such that each edge has a length. The space of metric trees is made out of orthants joined where a tree degenerates. Here we restrict to planar trees since each…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-12-30 Francisco Borges , Freddy Cachazo

This paper proposes an organized generalization of Newman and Girvan's modularity measure for graph clustering. Optimized via a deterministic annealing scheme, this measure produces topologically ordered graph clusterings that lead to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2010-09-08 Fabrice Rossi , Nathalie Villa-Vialaneix

In this article we are introducing combinatorial spectra of graphs, this is a generalization of $H$-Hamiltonian spectra. The main motivation was to made from $H$-Hamiltonian spectra an operation and develop some algebra in this field. An…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-11-21 Martin Dzúrik

Given a set of points in the plane, we want to establish a connection network between these points that consists of several disjoint layers. Motivated by sensor networks, we want that each layer is spanning and plane, and that no edge is…