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Quantum isomorphism of graphs from association schemes

Combinatorics 2022-10-27 v2 Quantum Physics

Abstract

We show that any two Hadamard graphs on the same number of vertices are quantum isomorphic. This follows from a more general recipe for showing quantum isomorphism of graphs arising from certain association schemes. The main result is built from three tools. A remarkable recent result of Man\v{c}inska and Roberson shows that graphs GG and HH are quantum isomorphic if and only if, for any planar graph FF, the number of graph homomorphisms from FF to GG is equal to the number of graph homomorphisms from FF to HH. A generalization of partition functions called "scaffolds" affords some basic reduction rules such as series-parallel reduction and can be applied to counting homomorphisms. The final tool is the classical theorem of Epifanov showing that any plane graph can be reduced to a single vertex and no edges by extended series-parallel reductions and Delta-Wye transformations. This last sort of transformation is available to us in the case of exactly triply regular association schemes. The paper includes open problems and directions for future research.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2209.04581,
  title  = {Quantum isomorphism of graphs from association schemes},
  author = {Ada Chan and William J. Martin},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2209.04581},
  year   = {2022}
}

Comments

21 pages

R2 v1 2026-06-28T01:03:06.983Z