Related papers: Balancing unit vectors

Let $p\equiv 1 \pmod{4}$ be a prime. Write $t = \prod_{x=1}^{(p-1)/2}x$. Since $t ^2\equiv -1 \pmod{p}$ , we can divide $\{1,2,\ldots,(p-1)/2\}$ into $(p-1)/4$ ordered pairs so that each pair, say $<a,\tilde{a}>$ , satisfies that $t a…

It is conjectured that for any fixed relatively prime positive integers $a,b$ and $c$ all greater than 1 there is at most one solution to the equation $a^x+b^y=c^z$ in positive integers $x,y$ and $z$, except for specific cases. We develop…

We develop a geometric framework that unifies several different combinatorial fixed-point theorems related to Tucker's lemma and Sperner's lemma, showing them to be different geometric manifestations of the same topological phenomena. In…

Given $n$ real numbers $0\leq x_1,...,x_n<1$ and a permutation~$\sigma$ of $\{1,...,n\}$, we can always find $\xbar_1,...,\xbar_n\in\{0,1\}$ so that the partial sums $\xbar_1+... +\xbar_k$ and $\xbar_{\sigma 1}+... +\xbar_{\sigma k}$ differ…

In 1961, P. Erd\H{o}s, A. Ginzburg, and A. Ziv proved a remarkable theorem stating that each set of $2n-1$ integers contains a subset of size $n$, the sum of whose elements is divisible by $n$. We will prove a similar result for pairs of…

We investigate geometric features of the unit ball corresponding to the sum of the nuclear norm of a matrix and the $l_1$ norm of its entries --- a common penalty function encouraging joint low rank and high sparsity. As a byproduct of this…

The relationship between geometric and variational principles remains central to Nonlinear Analysis. This paper introduces the \textbf{Orbit-Summability Fixed Point Criterion}, a novel, purely dynamical condition, and establishes its…

We prove a criterion for stability of relative equilibria in symmetric Hamiltonian systems at singular points of the momentum map. This generalizes a theorem of G.W. Patrick. The method of the proof is also useful in studying the…

We establish common fixed point theorems for two pairs of weakly compatible self-mappings using an auxiliary function of two variables. Unlike classical results, our theorems do not assume continuity of the mappings and require completeness…

In a countably normed space which is a linear space equipped with a countable number of pair-wise compatible norms, we prove the existence of a common nearest point (in all norms) from a point outside a nonempty subset if this subset is…

We use representation theory of the symmetric group S_n to prove Poisson limit theorems for the distribution of fixed points for three types of non-uniform permutations. First, we give results for the commutator of g and x where g and x are…

We show that if an orientation-preserving homeomorphism of the plane has a topologically chain recurrent point, then it has a fixed point, generalizing the Brouwer plane translation theorem.

Let v_1,...,v_{n-1} be n-1 independent vectors in R^n (or C^n). We study x, the unit normal vector of the hyperplane spanned by the v_i. Our main finding is that x resembles a random vector chosen uniformly from the unit sphere, under some…

Given a set $P$ of $n$ points in the plane, its unit-disk graph $G(P)$ is a graph with $P$ as its vertex set such that two points of $P$ are connected by an edge if their (Euclidean) distance is at most $1$. We consider several classical…

The point-plane incidence theorem states that the number of incidences between $n$ points and $m\geq n$ planes in the projective three-space over a field $F$, is $$O\left(m\sqrt{n}+ m k\right),$$ where $k$ is the maximum number of collinear…

We use probabilistic, topological and combinatorial methods to establish the following deviation inequality: For any normed space $X=(\mathbb R^n ,\|\cdot\| )$ there exists an invertible linear map $T:\mathbb R^n \to \mathbb R^n$ with \[…

A unified approach to the construction of weighing matrices and certain symmetric designs is presented. Assuming the weight $p$ in a weighing matrix $W(n,p)$ is a prime power, it is shown that there is a…

In the early 17th century, Pierre de Fermat proposed the following problem: given three points in the plane, find a point such that the sum of its Euclidean distances to the three given points is minimal. This problem was solved by…

Theorem. There are general position points A, B, C, P on the projective plane. Let A_P be the intersection point of lines AP and BC. Analogously define B_P and C_P. Take any points A_1, B_1, C_1 on AP, BP, CP, respectively. Let W_C be the…

There are presented certain results on extending continuous linear operators defined on spaces of E-valued continuous functions (defined on a compact Hausdorff space X) to linear operators defined on spaces of E-valued measurable functions…