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Ranking is a ubiquitous phenomenon in the human society. By clicking the web pages of Forbes, you may find all kinds of rankings, such as world's most powerful people, world's richest people, top-paid tennis stars, and so on and so forth.…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2015-06-03 Weibing Deng , Wei Li , Xu Cai , Alain Bulou , Qiuping A. Wang

Probabilistic properties of tennis scoring systems are examined and compared with best-of-K systems. A model, where each player has his/her own probability of winning his/her service point and which remains invariant for the duration of the…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-03-04 Edsel A. Pena , Dip Das , Yuexuan Wu

To assess the quality of a probabilistic prediction for stochastic dynamical systems (SDSs), scoring rules assign a numerical score based on the predictive distribution and the measured state. In this paper, we propose an…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Tao Xu , Yushan Li , Jianping He

The objective of the present study is to present a computational model of the motion of a single athlete in a team and to compare the resulting trajectory with experimental data obtained in the field during competitions by match analysis…

Biological Physics · Physics 2008-11-25 E. Grimpampi , A. Pasculli , A. Sacripanti

This paper deals with the problem of estimating the volume of the excursion set of a function $f:\mathbb{R}^d \to \mathbb{R}$ above a given threshold, under a probability measure on $\mathbb{R}^d$ that is assumed to be known. In the…

Computation · Statistics 2012-04-26 Julien Bect , David Ginsbourger , Ling Li , Victor Picheny , Emmanuel Vazquez

We investigate the time evolution of lead changes within individual games of competitive team sports. Exploiting ideas from the theory of random walks, the number of lead changes within a single game follows a Gaussian distribution. We show…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2015-07-01 A. Clauset , M. Kogan , S. Redner

A multi-output Gaussian process (GP) is introduced as a model for the joint posterior distribution of the local predictive ability of set of models and/or experts, conditional on a vector of covariates, from historical predictions in the…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-10-08 Oscar Oelrich , Mattias Villani

Though athletics statistics are abundant, it is a difficult task to quantitatively compare performances from different events of track, field, and road running in a meaningful way. There are several commonly-used methods, but each has its…

Applications · Statistics 2014-08-27 Brian Godsey

In the sport of cricket, variations in a player's batting ability can usually be measured on one of two scales. Short-term changes in ability that are observed during a single innings, and long-term changes that are witnessed between…

Applications · Statistics 2019-03-19 Oliver G. Stevenson , Brendon J. Brewer

We use Stein's method to establish the rates of normal approximation in terms of the total variation distance for a large class of sums of score functions of marked Poisson point processes on $\mathbb{R}^d$. As in the study under the weaker…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-11-17 Tianshu Cong , Aihua Xia

How often can we expect a Major League Baseball team to score at least 20 runs in a single game? Considered a rare event in baseball, the outcome of scoring at least 20 runs in a game has occurred 224 times during regular season games since…

Applications · Statistics 2010-11-10 Michael R. Huber , Rodney X. Sturdivant

Suppose some cleverness score parameter is sufficiently interesting to be defined and then measured, perhaps for different strata of specialists or for the broader population. Such phenomena could have Gaussian distributions, when it comes…

Other Statistics · Statistics 2026-05-19 Nils Lid Hjort

The only acceptable form of polling in the multi-billion dollar survey research field utilizes representative samples. We argue that with proper statistical adjustment, non-representative polling can provide accurate predictions, and often…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2014-07-01 David Rothschild , Sharad Goel , Andrew Gelman , Doug Rivers

Negative dependence of sequences of random variables is often an interesting characteristic of their distribution, as well as a useful tool for studying various asymptotic results, including central limit theorems, Poisson approximations,…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-08-26 Yaakov Malinovsky , Yosef Rinott

It is shown that the putting stroke of world class golfers can be described as the motion of a pendulum driven at twice its natural resonance frequency. This model minimizes error in the speed of the putter head due to random errors in the…

Popular Physics · Physics 2009-03-11 Robert D. Grober

We develop a new statistical model to analyse time-varying ranking data. The model can be used with a large number of ranked items, accommodates exogenous time-varying covariates and partial rankings, and is estimated via the maximum…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-11-23 Vladimír Holý , Jan Zouhar

In this paper we bring a novel approach to the theory of tournament rankings. We combine two different theories that are widely used to establish rankings of populations after a given tournament. First, we use the statistical approach of…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 M. Brozos-Vazquez , M. A. Campo-Cabana , J. C. Diaz-Ramos , J. Gonzalez-Diaz

In professional tennis, it is often acknowledged that the server has an initial advantage. Indeed, the majority of points are won by the server, making the serve one of the most important elements in this sport. In this paper, we focus on…

Applications · Statistics 2019-09-10 Silvia Montagna , Vanessa Orani , Raffaele Argiento

We form a "map of tournaments" by adapting the map framework from the world of elections. By a tournament we mean a complete directed graph where the nodes are the players and an edge points from a winner of a game to the loser (with no…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Filip Nikolow , Piotr Faliszewski , Stanisław Szufa

A hockey player's plus-minus measures the difference between goals scored by and against that player's team while the player was on the ice. This measures only a marginal effect, failing to account for the influence of the others he is…

Applications · Statistics 2016-01-27 Robert B. Gramacy , Matt Taddy , Sen Tian