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The classical simulation of quantum circuits is of central importance for benchmarking near-term quantum devices. The fact that gates belonging to the Clifford group can be simulated efficiently on classical computers has motivated a range…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-12 Tomislav Begušić , Kasra Hejazi , Garnet Kin-Lic Chan

The Clifford group is a finite subgroup of the unitary group generated by the Hadamard, the CNOT, and the Phase gates. This group plays a prominent role in quantum error correction, randomized benchmarking protocols, and the study of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-17 Sergey Bravyi , Ruslan Shaydulin , Shaohan Hu , Dmitri Maslov

We generalize the concept of folding from surface codes to CSS codes by considering certain dualities within them. In particular, this gives a general method to implement logical operations in suitable LDPC quantum codes using transversal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-19 Nikolas P. Breuckmann , Simon Burton

We present an algorithm for efficiently approximating of qubit unitaries over gate sets derived from totally definite quaternion algebras. It achieves $\varepsilon$-approximations using circuits of length $O(\log(1/\varepsilon))$, which is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-10-16 Vadym Kliuchnikov , Alex Bocharov , Martin Roetteler , Jon Yard

Representations of Spin groups and Clifford algebras derived from the structure of qubit trees are introduced in this work. For ternary trees the construction is more general and reduction to binary trees is formally defined by deletion of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-06 Alexander Yu. Vlasov

A universal quantum computing scheme, with a universal set of logical gates, is proposed based on networks of 1D quantum systems. The encoding of information is in terms of universal features of gapped phases, for which effective field…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-07-24 Dong-Sheng Wang

Arithmetic operations are an important component of many quantum algorithms. As such, coming up with optimized quantum circuits for these operations leads to more efficient implementations of the corresponding algorithms. In this paper, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-20 Priyanka Mukhopadhyay , Alexandru Gheorghiu , Hari Krovi

In this paper we start from a basic notion of process, which we structure into two groupoids, one orthogonal and one symplectic. By introducing additional structure, we convert these groupoids into orthogonal and symplectic Clifford…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-11-12 B. J. Hiley

We propose an encoding for topological quantum computation utilizing quantum representations of mapping class groups. Leakage into a non-computational subspace seems to be unavoidable for universality in general. We are interested in the…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2018-12-26 Wade Bloomquist , Zhenghan Wang

The Clifford group is the set of gates generated by the controlled not gates, the Hadamard gate and the P={{1,0},{0,i}} gate. We will say that a n-qubit state is a Clifford state if it can be prepared using Clifford gates. In this paper we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-04-21 Frederic Latour , Oscar Perdomo

The first part of this thesis deals with certain properties of the quantum symmetric and exterior algebras of Type 1 representations of $U_q(g)$ defined by Berenstein and Zwicknagl. We define a notion of a commutative algebra object in a…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2013-08-21 Matthew Tucker-Simmons

The Grover search algorithm is one of the two key algorithms in the field of quantum computing, and hence it is of significant interest to describe it in the most efficient mathematical formalism. We show firstly, that Clifford's formalism…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-01-10 James M. Chappell , M. A. Lohe , Lorenz von Smekal , Azhar Iqbal , Derek Abbot

One of the key challenges in quantum information is coherently manipulating the quantum state. However, it is an outstanding question whether control can be realized with low error. Only gates from the Clifford group -- containing $\pi$,…

This paper introduces a novel abstraction for programming quantum operations, specifically projective Cliffords, as functions over the qudit Pauli group. Generalizing the idea behind Pauli tableaux, we introduce a type system and lambda…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-03 Jennifer Paykin , Sam Winnick

In this paper, we construct a symmetric group ${\rm Sym}_{2(4^n-1)}$, which contains a subgroup isomorphic to the $n$-qubit projective Clifford group $\mathcal{C}_n$. To establish this result, we investigate the centralizers of the $z$ gate…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2024-10-29 Chin-Yen Lee

Obtaining the symmetries of a model is a critical step towards developing an understanding and ultimately analytically or numerically solving the model. However, finding symmetries is generally extremely complicated, often being the result…

We present an algorithm for performing quantum process tomography on an unknown $n$-qubit unitary $C$ from the Clifford group. Our algorithm uses Bell basis measurements to deterministically learn $C$ with $4n + 3$ queries, which is the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-21 Timothy Skaras , Paul Ginsparg

We present different methods for symbolic computer algebra computations in higher dimensional (\ge9) Clifford algebras using the \Clifford\ and \Bigebra\ packages for \Maple(R). This is achieved using graded tensor decompositions,…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2012-06-19 Rafal Ablamowicz , Bertfried Fauser

In this paper we show how all the quantum properties of Schroedinger and Pauli particles can be described entirely from within a Clifford algebra taken over the reals. There is no need to appeal to any `wave function'. To describe a quantum…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2010-11-18 B. J. Hiley , R. E. Callaghan

Simulating quantum computation on a classical computer is a difficult problem. The matrices representing quantum gates, and the vectors modeling qubit states grow exponentially with an increase in the number of qubits. However, by using a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 George F. Viamontes , Igor L. Markov , John P. Hayes