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The complementary DNA (cDNA) sequence is considered to be the magic biometric technique for personal identification. In this paper, we present a new method for cDNA recognition based on the artificial neural network (ANN). Microarray…
A new method for measuring chance-coincidence backgrounds during the collection of coincidence data is presented. The method relies on acquiring data with near-zero dead time, which is now realistic due to the increasing deployment of flash…
Background rates in several pixel array detectors are investigated with an eye toward using them with hard, >6 keV, x-rays in very low-rate experiments - e.g. at signal rates <0.1/s/cm^2. Measured background event rates for a detector with…
The Accelerator Neutrino Neutron Interaction Experiment (ANNIE) aims to make a unique measurement of neutron yield from neutrino-nucleus interactions and to perform R&D for the next generation of water-based neutrino detectors. In this…
In live and studio recordings unexpected sound events often lead to interferences in the signal. For non-stationary interferences, sound source separation techniques can be used to reduce the interference level in the recording. In this…
Chromatin immunoprecipitation combined with DNA microarrays (ChIP-chip) is an assay for DNA-protein-binding or post-translational chromatin/histone modifications. As with all high-throughput technologies, it requires a thorough…
Background: Diagnostic DNA arrays for detection of point mutations as markers for cancer usually function in the presence of a large excess of wild type DNA. This excess can give rise to false positives due to competitive hybridization of…
It has been shown that a random-effects framework can be used to test the association between a gene's expression level and the number of DNA copies of a set of genes. This gene-set modelling framework was later applied to find associations…
Understanding the base pairing of an RNA sequence provides insight into its molecular structure.By mining suboptimal sampling data, RNAprofiling 1.0 identifies the dominant helices in low-energy secondary structures as features, organizes…
Possibilities of discriminating neutrons and gamma rays in the AGATA gamma-ray tracking spectrometer have been investigated with the aim of reducing the background due to inelastic scattering of neutrons in the high-purity germanium…
Acoustic-based fault detection has a high potential to monitor the health condition of mechanical parts. However, the background noise of an industrial environment may negatively influence the performance of fault detection. Limited…
HI intensity mapping is an emerging tool to probe dark energy. Observations of the redshifted HI signal will be contaminated by instrumental noise, atmospheric and Galactic foregrounds. The latter is expected to be four orders of magnitude…
The characterization of nanostructured surfaces with sensitivity in the sub-nm range is of high importance for the development of current and next generation integrated electronic circuits. Modern transistor architectures for e.g. FinFETs…
Accurate separation of signal from background is one of the main challenges for precision measurements across high-energy and nuclear physics. Conventional supervised learning methods are insufficient here because the required paired signal…
Common approaches to explainable AI (XAI) for deep learning focus on analyzing the importance of input features on the classification task in a given model: saliency methods like SHAP and GradCAM are used to measure the impact of spatial…
Raman spectroscopy is widely used across scientific domains to characterize the chemical composition of samples in a non-destructive, label-free manner. Many applications entail the unmixing of signals from mixtures of molecular species to…
Neural networks can learn spurious correlations that lead to the correct prediction in a validation set, but generalise poorly because the predictions are right for the wrong reason. This undesired learning of naive shortcuts (Clever Hans…
Motif discovery is one of the most challenging problems in bioinformatics today. DNA sequence motifs are becoming increasingly important in analysis of gene regulation. Motifs are short, recurring patterns in DNA that have a biological…
DNA methylation (DNAme) is a critical component of the epigenetic regulatory machinery and aberrations in DNAme patterns occur in many diseases, such as cancer. Mapping and understanding DNAme profiles offers considerable promise for…
The presence of different transcripts of a gene across samples can be analysed by whole-transcriptome microarrays. Reproducing results from published microarray data represents a challenge due to the vast amounts of data and the large…