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We address the dilepton production from the parton interactions in the early stage of relativistic heavy-ion collisions within the parton-hadron-string dynamics (PHSD) off-shell transport approach. The description of partons in PHSD is…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2011-09-30 O. Linnyk , E. L. Bratkovskaya , J. Manninen , W. Cassing

According to the dynamical quasiparticle model (DQPM) -- matched to reproduce lattice QCD results in thermodynamic limit, -- the constituents of the strongly interacting quark-gluon plasma (sQGP) are massive and off-shell quasi-particles…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2014-11-20 E. L. Bratkovskaya , O. Linnyk , W. Cassing

The invariant-mass spectrum of $e^+ e^-$ pairs produced in $^{12}$C+$^{12}$C collisions at an incident energy of 2 GeV per nucleon has been measured for the first time. The measured pair production probabilities span over five orders of…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2012-03-22 Piotr Salabura

We calculate elementary proton-proton and neutron-proton bremsstrahlung and their contribution to the $e^+e^-$ invariant mass distribution. At 4.9 GeV, the proton-proton contribution is larger than neutron-proton, but it is small compared…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Kevin Haglin , Charles Gale

The HADES spectrometer installed at GSI Darmstadt is devoted to study the production of di-electron pairs from proton, pion and nucleus induced reactions at 1-2 AGeV. In pp collisions at 2.2 GeV we have focused mainly on exclusive…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2019-08-14 S. Spataro

According to the dynamical quasiparticle model (DQPM) - matched to reproduce lattice QCD results in thermodynamic limit, - the constituents of the strongly interacting quark-gluon plasma (sQGP) are massive and off-shell quasi-particles…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-05-18 O. Linnyk , E. L. Bratkovskaya , W. Cassing

In this contribution we report $e^{+}e^{-}$ spectra with various invariant mass and p$_{T}$ differentials in Au$+$Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$=200 GeV and U$+$U collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$=193 GeV. The structure of the t ($t\approx…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2018-03-14 J. D. Brandenburg

The production of $K^+$ mesons in proton-nucleus collisions from 1.0 to 2.3 GeV is analyzed with respect to one-step nucleon-nucleon $(NN\to N Y K^+$) and two-step $\Delta$-nucleon $(\Delta N \to K^+ Y N$) or pion-nucleon $(\pi N \to K^+ Y…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2009-03-20 Z. Rudy , W. Cassing , L. Jarczyk , B. Kamys , A. Kowalczyk , P. Kulessa

We investigate dilepton production in transport-based approaches and show that the baryon couplings of the $\rho$ meson represent the most important ingredient for understanding the measured dilepton spectra. At low energies (of a few GeV),…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-07-15 Janus Weil , Stephan Endres , Hendrik van Hees , Marcus Bleicher , Ulrich Mosel

The enhancement in the dilepton spectrum observed in heavy-ion collisions for invariant electron-positron masses in the range 0.15 GeV/c$^2 < M_{e^+e^-} <$ 0.6 GeV/c$^2$ has recently been traced back to a corresponding enhancement in $pn$…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2015-06-18 M. Bashkanov , H. Clement

Data on inclusive dielectron production are presented for the reaction p+p at 2.2 GeV measured with the High Acceptance DiElectron Spectrometer (HADES). Our results supplement data obtained earlier in this bombarding energy regime by DLS…

$\mathbf{Purpose}$: Incoherent processes in production of lepton pairs in the scattering of protons off nuclei are investigated. $\mathbf{Methods}$: New quantum mechanical model is constructed which uses generalization of the nuclear model…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2023-12-13 Sergei P. Maydanyuk , Gyorgy Wolf

Dark photons, the hypothetical gauge bosons associated with an additional $U(1)^{\prime}$ symmetry, can couple to Standard Model particles through a small kinetic mixing parameter $\varepsilon$ with the ordinary photon. This mechanism…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-12-01 A. W. Romero Jorge , E. Bratkovskaya , T. Song , L. Sagunski

We calculate dilepton production for the reactions $\pi^-$C and $\pi^-$Pb at 1.3 GeV within a semi-classical BUU transport model and compare our results to a previously published calculation. We show that a modified treatment of the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2009-10-31 M. Effenberger , E. L. Bratkovskaya , W. Cassing , U. Mosel

We report on the investigation of $\Delta$(1232) production and decay in proton-proton collisions at a kinetic energy of 1.25 GeV measured with HADES. Exclusive dilepton decay channels $ppe^{+}e^{-}$ and $ppe^{+}e^{-}\gamma$ have been…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2017-09-15 J. Adamczewski-Musch , O. Arnold , E. T. Atomssa , C. Behnke , A. Belounnas , A. Belyaev , J. C. Berger-Chen , J. Biernat , A. Blanco , C. Blume , M. Böhmer , P. Bordalo , S. Chernenko , L. Chlad , C. Deveaux , J. Dreyer , A. Dybczak , E. Epple , L. Fabbietti , O. Fateev , P. Filip , P. Finocchiaro , P. Fonte , C. Franco , J. Friese , I. Fröhlich , T. Galatyuk , J. A. Garzón , R. Gernhäuser , M. Golubeva , F. Guber , M. Gumberidze , S. Harabasz , T. Heinz , T. Hennino , S. Hlavac , C. Höhne , R. Holzmann , A. Ierusalimov , A. Ivashkin , B. Kämpfer , T. Karavicheva , B. Kardan , I. Koenig , W. Koenig , B. W. Kolb , G. Korcyl , G. Kornakov , R. Kotte , W. Kühn , A. Kugler , T. Kunz , A. Kurepin , A. Kurilkin , P. Kurilkin , V. Ladygin , R. Lalik , K. Lapidus , A. Lebedev , T. Liu , L. Lopes , M. Lorenz , T. Mahmoud , L. Maier , A. Mangiarotti , J. Markert , S. Maurus , V. Metag , J. Michel , E. Morinière , D. M. Mihaylov , S. Morozov , C. Müntz , R. Münzer , L. Naumann , K. N. Nowakowski , M. Palka , Y. Parpottas , V. Pechenov , O. Pechenova , O. Petukhov , J. Pietraszko , W. Przygoda , S. Ramos , B. Ramstein , A. Reshetin , P. Rodriguez-Ramos , P. Rosier , A. Rost , A. Sadovsky , P. Salabura , T. Scheib , H. Schuldes , E. Schwab , F. Scozzi , F. Seck , P. Sellheim , J. Siebenson , L. Silva , Yu. G. Sobolev , S. Spataro , H. Ströbele , J. Stroth , P. Strzempek , C. Sturm , O. Svoboda , P. Tlusty , M. Traxler , H. Tsertos , E. Usenko , V. Wagner , C. Wendisch , M. G. Wiebusch , J. Wirth , Y. Zanevsky , P. Zumbruch , A. V. Sarantsev

We study the production of $c \bar{c}$ pairs and dimuons from hard collisions in nuclear reactions within the covariant transport approach HSD, which describes successfully both hadronic and electromagnetic observables from p+A and A+A…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2016-09-06 W. Cassing , E. L. Bratkovskaya

Due to their weak coupling to the strongly interacting matter produced in relativistic heavy-ion collisions, dileptons serve as a sensitive probe of the initial geometry of the colliding nuclei. In this study, we investigate the influence…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2025-07-25 Wen-Hao Zhou , Lu-Meng Liu , Che Ming Ko , Kai-Jia Sun , Jun Xu

Starting from a realistic one--boson--exchange--model fitted to the amplitudes of elastic nucleon--nucleon scattering and the process $NN\rightarrow N\Delta$ we perform a fully relativistic and gauge invariant calculation for the dilepton…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2009-10-28 M. Schäfer , H. C. Dönges , A. Engel , U. Mosel

Within an effective Lagrangian model, we present calculations for cross sections of the dilepton production in proton-proton and proton-neutron collisions at laboratory kinetic energies in 1-5 GeV range. Production amplitudes include…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-10 R. Shyam , U. Mosel

Invariant mass spectra of di-electrons stemming from bremsstrahlung processes are calculated in a covariant diagrammatical approach for the exclusive reaction D p \to p_{\rm sp} n p e^+ e^- with detection of a forward spectator proton,…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 L. P. Kaptari , B. Kampfer