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The Jarzynski equality is generalized to situations in which nonequilibrium systems are subject to a feedback control. The new terms that arise as a consequence of the feedback describe the mutual information content obtained by measurement…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-13 Takahiro Sagawa , Masahito Ueda

The Jarzynski Equality is a well-known and widely used identity, relating the free energy difference between two states of a system to the work done over some arbitrary, nonequilibrium transformation between the two states. Despite being…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-12-18 Stuart J. Davie , Owen G. Jepps , Lamberto Rondoni , James C. Reid , Debra J. Searles

The nonequilibrium work relation, or Jarzynski equality, establishes a statistical relationship between a series of nonequilibrium experiments on a system subjected to thermal fluctuations and a hypothetical experiment at thermodynamic…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-11-19 Jean-Luc Garden

It is well established that gene expression can be modeled as a Markovian stochastic process and hence proper observables might be subjected to large fluctuations and rare events. Since dynamics is often more than statics, one can work with…

Biological Physics · Physics 2019-09-11 Pegah Torkaman , Farhad H. Jafarpour

Gene expression is a stochastic process in which cells produce biomolecules essential to the function of life. Modern experimental methods allow for the measurement of biomolecules at single-cell and single-molecule resolution over time.…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2022-07-01 Zachary R Fox

We revisit the dynamics of a gene repressed by its own protein in the case where the transcription rate does not adapt instantaneously to protein concentration but is a dynamical variable. We derive analytical criteria for the appearance of…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2009-02-19 Pierre-Emmanuel Morant , Quentin Thommen , François Lemaire , Constant Vandermoëre , Benjamin Parent , Marc Lefranc

There are only a very few known relations in statistical dynamics that are valid for systems driven arbitrarily far-from-equilibrium. One of these is the fluctuation theorem, which places conditions on the entropy production probability…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-09-25 Gavin E. Crooks

Brownian dynamics simulations are used to study the detachment of a particle from a substrate. Although the model is simple and generic, we attempt to map its energy, length and time scales onto a specific experimental system, namely a bead…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-01-08 Emma Hodges , B. M. Cooke , E. M. Sevick , Debra J. Searles , B. Duenweg , J. Ravi Prakash

The intrinsic stochasticity of gene expression can give rise to large fluctuations and rare events that drive phenotypic variation in a population of genetically identical cells. Characterizing the fluctuations that give rise to such rare…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-05-24 Jordan M. Horowitz , Rahul V. Kulkarni

Cells adapt to different conditions by altering a vast number of components, which is measurable using transcriptome analysis. Given that a cell undergoing steady growth is constrained to sustain each of its internal components, the…

Cell Behavior · Quantitative Biology 2014-07-15 Kunihiko Kaneko , Chikara Furusawa , Tetsuya Yomo

Gene expression is inherently noisy as many steps in the read-out of the genetic information are stochastic. To disentangle the effect of different sources of stochasticity in such systems, we consider various models that describe some…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2015-06-05 Rahul Marathe , David Gomez , Stefan Klumpp

Stochastic dynamics in the energy representation is employed as a method to study non-equilibrium Brownian-like systems. It is shown that the equation of motion for the energy of such systems can be taken in the form of the Langevin…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-18 Bohdan I. Lev , Alexei D. Kiselev

Cell growth and gene expression, essential elements of all living systems, have long been the focus of biophysical interrogation. Advances in single-cell methods have invigorated theoretical studies into these processes. However, until…

Subcellular Processes · Quantitative Biology 2023-11-22 Ido Golding , Ariel Amir

Living cells must control the reading out or "expression" of information encoded in their genomes, and this regulation often is mediated by transcription factors--proteins that bind to DNA and either enhance or repress the expression of…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2013-08-01 Gašper Tkačik , Aleksandra M Walczak , William Bialek

The ambitious and ultimate research purpose in Systems Biology is the understanding and modelling of the cell's system. Although a vast number of models have been developed in order to extract biological knowledge from complex systems…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2007-05-23 T. Ochiai , J. C. Nacher , T. Akutsu

Transcription is a complex phenomenon that permits the conversion of genetic information into phenotype by means of an enzyme called RNA polymerase, which erratically moves along and scans the DNA template. We perform Bayesian inference…

Biological Physics · Physics 2023-07-18 Massimo Cavallaro , Yuexuan Wang , Daniel Hebenstreit , Ritabrata Dutta

The fluctuations in nonequilibrium systems are under intense theoretical and experimental investigation. Topical ``fluctuation relations'' describe symmetries of the statistical properties of certain observables, in a variety of models and…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2011-09-08 Lamberto Rondoni , Carlos Mejia-Monasterio

The Jarzynski equality allows the calculation of free-energy differences using values of work measured from nonequilibrium trajectories. The number of trajectories required to accurately estimate free-energy differences in this way grows…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-05-13 Stephen Whitelam

A key goal of systems biology is the predictive mathematical description of gene regulatory circuits. Different approaches are used such as deterministic and stochastic models, models that describe cell growth and division explicitly or…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2012-10-12 Rahul Marathe , Veronika Bierbaum , David Gomez , Stefan Klumpp

Stochastic dynamics govern many important processes in cellular biology, and an underlying theoretical approach describing these dynamics is desirable to address a wealth of questions in biology and medicine. Mathematical tools exist for…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2016-02-17 Iain G. Johnston , Nick S. Jones