Related papers: Wilson's theorem

In this note, we give an alternate proof of the multinomial theorem using a probabilistic approach. Although the multinomial theorem is basically a combinatorial result, our proof may be simpler for a student familiar with only basic…

The first effective versions of Faltings product theorem are given by J.H. Evertse and R. Ferretti. Their results are improved quantitatively by P. Philippon, thanks to Samuel's multiplicity instead of the length in his zeros estimate. This…

We extend Gleason's theorem to the two-dimensional Hilbert space of a qubit by invoking the standard axiom that describes composite quantum systems. The tensor-product structure allows us to derive density matrices and Born's rule for $d=2$…

Exactly 170 years ago, the construction of the real quaternion algebra by William Hamilton was announced in the Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy. It became the first example of non-commutative division rings and a major turning point…

This article provides a gentle introduction for a general mathematical audience to the factorization theory of motion polynomials and its application in mechanism science. This theory connects in a rather unexpected way a seemingly abstract…

When G is a product of orthogonal, unitary and symplectic groups, we show that the Wilson loops generate a dense subalgebra of continuous observables on the configuration space of lattice gauge theory with structure group G.

Lagrange's four-square theorem states that every natural number $n$ can be represented as the sum of four integer squares: $n=x_1^2+x_2^2+x_3^2+x_4^2$. Ramanujan generalized Lagrange's result by providing, up to equivalence, all $54$…

Using polynomial evaluation, we give some useful criteria to answer questions about divisibility of polynomials. This allows us to develop interesting results concerning the prime elements in the domain of coefficients. In particular, it is…

We introduce a family of rings of symmetric functions depending on an infinite sequence of parameters. A distinguished basis of such a ring is comprised by analogues of the Schur functions. The corresponding structure coefficients are…

We generalise a result of D. J. Collins on intersections of conjugates of Magnus subgroups of one-relator groups to the context of one-relator products of locally indicable groups.

We make use of the properties of product integrals to obtain a surface product integral representation for the Wilson loop operator. The result can be interpreted as the non-abelian version of Stokes' theorem.

According to the Weinstein splitting theorem, any Poisson manifold is locally, near any given point, a product of a symplectic manifold with another Poisson manifold whose Poisson structure vanishes at the point. Similar splitting results…

Following the works by Lin et al. (Circuits Syst. Signal Process. 20(6): 601-618, 2001) and Liu et al. (Circuits Syst. Signal Process. 30(3): 553-566, 2011), we investigate how to factorize a class of multivariate polynomial matrices. The…

In ``New Proofs of the structure theorems for Witt Rings'', Lewis shows how the standard ring-theoretic results on the Witt ring can be deduced in a quick and elementary way from the fact that the Witt ring of a field is integral and from…

Carlitz proved that, for any prime power q other than 2, the group of all permutations of the finite field F_q is generated by the permutations induced by degree-one polynomials and x^{q-2}. His proof relies on a remarkable polynomial which…

We generalize the polynomial Szemer\'{e}di theorem to intersective polynomials over the ring of integers of an algebraic number field, by which we mean polynomials having a common root modulo every ideal. This leads to the existence of new…

We extend the authors' previous work on Wiener-Wintner double recurrence theorem to the case of polynomials.

A proof of Lagrange's and Jacobi's four-square theorem due to Hurwitz utilizes orders in a quaternion algebra over the rationals. Seeking a generalization of this technique to orders over number fields, we identify two key components: an…

We develop a wide general theory of bilinear bi-parameter singular integrals $T$. First, we prove a dyadic representation theorem starting from $T1$ assumptions and apply it to show many estimates, including $L^p \times L^q \to L^r$…

One of the most beautiful results in the integral representation theory of finite groups is a theorem of A. Weiss that detects a permutation $R$-lattice for the finite $p$-group $G$ in terms of the restriction to a normal subgroup $N$ and…